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| first organ of the digestive system; main organ responsible for mechanical breakdown of food |
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| salivary glands; located behind and below the ears |
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| salivary glands; located beneath the mandible, below the floor of the mouth |
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| salivary glands; located beneath the tongue |
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| releases amylase (starches into sugars), lingual lipase (fats to triglycerides) and lysozymes (bacteria-killing) |
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| descends from the soft palate; closes off the nasopharynx during swallowing |
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| muscular cavity connecting the mouth with the esophagus; closes off the trachea during swallowing |
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| muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach; propels bolus of food to stomach via peristalsis |
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| consists of 2 sphincters- one consisting of skeletal muscle (UES), one consisting of smooth muscle (LES) |
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| made up of 4 sections and 3 layers; partially responsible for mechanical breakdown and largely responsible for chemical breakdown of food |
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| folds in the interior of the stomach wall that allow for expansion when needed |
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| The section of the stomach where food from the esophagus enters |
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| formed by the upper curvature of the stomach |
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| the main, central region of the stomach |
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| lower section of the stomach that facilitates emptying of contents into small intestine |
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| outermost layer of the stomach |
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| middle layer of the stomach; wraps around the body of the stomach and extends downward to form the pyloric sphincter |
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| innermost layer of the stomach; most prominent in the fundus |
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| hangs off the greater curvature of the stomach; large fold in the serosa of the stomach |
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| hangs off the lesser curvature of the stomach |
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| connects the stomach to the small intestine; slowly releases chyme into the duodenum (1 tsp every 20 seconds) |
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| consists of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum; major site of digestion and absorption of nutrients; 10 ft long, 1-2 in diameter |
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| first portion of the small intestine; 10 in long; contains the hepatopancreatic ampulla and accessory duct |
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| central portion of the small intestine; 3 ft long |
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| last portion of the small intestine; connects the small and large intestines via the ileocecal sphincter; 6 ft long |
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| consists of the cecum, colon, rectum and anus; has a flourishing population of bacteria; 5 ft long 3 in diameter |
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| cul-de-sac; appendix attached to this |
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| first part of the colon; between the cecum and transverse colon |
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| second part of the colon; between the ascending and descending colon |
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| third part of the colon; between the transverse and sigmoid portions of the colon |
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| last part of the colon; between the descending colon and rectum |
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| first bend of the colon; between the ascending and transverse colon |
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| second bend of the colon; between the transverse and descending colon |
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| stores feces before defacation; 5-6 in long |
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| AKA anus; final one inch compartment of the large intestine; feces exits the body through here |
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| AKA vermiform appendix; vestigial structure that juts out of the cecum |
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| made up of the larger right and smaller left lobes; divided by the falciform ligament |
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| produces bile, stores fats, detoxifies, regulates blood glucose levels |
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| small pouch located inferior to the liver; stores bile |
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| oblong organ lying along the greater curvature of the stomach; connected to the duodenum by the hepatopancreatic duct |
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| 99% of its function is exocrine (acini cells secrete pancreatic juice for digestion) |
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