Term
| Describe the anatomy of the buccal cavity and expalin its functions in degestion... |
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Definition
- lips, cheeks, and roof (hard and soft palate) - soft palate is behind hard palate and seperates nasal passage from food passage - uvula is hanging from middle of posterior edge of soft palate and is like a little tongue - these function in chewing to reduce size - food mixes with saliva to make it soft and flexible to swallow - little digestion of starch occurs in the mouth |
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Term
Describe the process of deglutition (swallowing) and why food, when swallowed, does not enter the respiratory tract... 3 stages of swallowing... |
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Definition
1. Larynx (leads to the trachea) 2. Esophagus (leads to the rest of the digestive tract) 3. Glottis (opening to larynx) 4. Epiglottis (little flap of tissue guarding opening to larynx and does not allow the food to enter the larynx when swallowing food) Swallowing is 3 stages: voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal 1. tip of tongue is pressed against hard palate and food is pushed to the back of the mouth 2. soft palate and uvula move upward to close off nasal cavity, epiglottis seals off the larynx, and respiratory tract closes off temporarily 3. larynx is pulled forward and upward so glottis meets the epiglottis, then muscles of the pharynx squeeze the food into the esophagus |
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Term
| Describe the anatomy and locations of the esophagus and explain how food moves down the esophagus... |
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Definition
Movement of food... 1. food is pushed down the esophagus by muscual movements called peristalsis 2. the esophagus has two types of smooth muscles: circular and longitudinal 3. when circular muscles contract, the internal diamerte of the tract narrows 4. when longitudinal muscles contract, it lengthens 5. these contractions move the food down the tube like a snake eating a mouse |
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Term
4 Parts of the stomach... 3 Functions... |
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Definition
1. Cardia: the lower portion of the esophagus opens up into this 2. Fundus: a rounded portion of the stomach immediately to the left of the cardia and slightly above it 3. Body: central part of the stomach below fundus 4. Pylorus: narrow portion to the right of the body of the stomach, opens up into the small intestine through a sphincter muscle Three Functions 1. Holding Sac: storing food so stomach can regulate the rate of food digestion through the intestines 2. Produces Gastric Juices: changes food into a thin liquid called chyme 3. Small amount of digestion takes place in the stomach... |
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Term
Liver... Anatomy & functions (9) |
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Definition
Anatomy: two lobes, is attached to the diaphragm Function: 1. Produces bile salts from cholesterol 2. Controls amount of glucose in the blood 3. Breaks down poisonous substances 4. Produces plasma proteins 5. Stores vitamins 6. Stores many elements like copper and iron 7. Involved in lipid metabolism 8. Degrades hormones 9. Detoxifies certain substances |
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Term
| Functions of Pancreas (2) |
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Definition
1. Creates pancreatic juices which contain digestive enzymes 2. Has small clusters of glandular cells which produce glucagon and insulin which help contrain blood glucose level |
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Term
| Small Intestine functions (2) |
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Definition
1. Most chemical digestion takes place in the small intestine 2. Nutrients are absorbed out of the digestive tract into the blood stream in the small intestine |
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Term
Large Intestine functions (2) 4 Parts |
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Definition
1. absorption of some water, mineral salts and vitamins 2. formation of feces Parts 1. Cecum 2. Colon 3. Rectum 4. Anal Canal |
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