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Digestion
Vocabulary
28
Science
7th Grade
04/07/2009

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Term
nutrient
Definition
substance in food that provides energy and raw materials
Term
larynx
Definition
structure to which vocal cords at attached
Term
trachea
Definition
tube with cartilage, mucous membranes, and cilia
Term
bronchi
Definition
branches of the trachea
Term
alveoli
Definition
clusters of thin-walled air sacs in the lungs
Term
villi
Definition
fingerlike projections in the small intestine
Term
ureters
Definition
tubes that lead from each kidney to the bladder
Term
minerals
Definition
inorganic nutrients
Term
kidneys
Definition
major organs of urinary system
Term
nephrons
Definition
filtering units of the kidneys
Term
enzyme
Definition
protein that speeds up chemical reactions
Term
bladder
Definition
organ that holds urine until it is excreted
Term
vitamins
Definition
organic nutrient needed in small amounts
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
nutrient that is usually the body's main source of energy
Term
chemical digestions
Definition
in your mouth it is saliva in your stomach it is enzymes and digestive solution that breaks down food
Term
stomach
Definition
muscular bag where mechanical and chemical digestion takes place, food is changed into chyme
Term
proteins
Definition
your body uses these for the replacement and repairs of body cell for growth
Term
small intestines
Definition
absorption of broken down food takes place here
Term
peristalsis
Definition
muscle contraction that move food through the entire digestive tract
Term
mechanical digestion
Definition
in your mouth it is the chewy of food; in your stomach it is the mixing of food by peristalsis
Term
anus
Definition
controls the release of semi-solid wastes from the body
Term
amino acids
Definition
building block of proteins
Term
mouth
Definition
mechanical and chemical digestion
Term
large intestine
Definition
absorbs water from the undigested mass, which helps maintain homeostasis
Term
liver
Definition
produce or store enzymes and other chemicals that help break down food as it passes through the digestive tract
Term
pancreas
Definition
produce or stores enzymes and other chemicals that help break down food as it passes through the digestive tract
Term
esophagus
Definition
automatically covers the opening to the windpipe to prevent food from entering it, or else you would choke
Term
salivary glands
Definition
accessory organs, thought food doesn't pass through them, thy are important in mechanical and chemical digestion
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