Term
| Upper Respiratory Infection |
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Definition
- Age-Group:All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics:Cough, non productive, worsens at night due to post nasal drip, Sore Throat, Congestion
- Signs and Syptoms: Acute onset, Pharyngitis, Rhinorrhea, Conjuntivitis, Fever
- Rhinovirus most common, pariainfluenza, rsv, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, influenza, myocplasma pneumoniae, reovirus. Peaks early fall, late janurary, early april.
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: Infants
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Catarrhal stage progresses to paroxysmal stage with severe coughing episodes and inspiratory whoops that may persist for weeks, cyanosis
- Signs and Symptoms: Catarrhal stage: mild URI symptoms with cough for about 2 weeks; low-grade fever. Vomiting with sucking or crying precipitates coughing episodes. Poor feeding, conjuntival hemorrhages, facial petechiae
- Bordetella pertussis. Incubation 6-20 days, most contagious during catarrhal stage. Prophylaxis of household and daycare contacts.
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics: cough, worsens at night
- Signs and Symptoms: Itching, conjunctivitis, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Dry nonproductive cough may be the only symptom, wheezing, tachypnea, cyanosis
- Signs and Symptoms: Activity worsens symptoms
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:School-ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics:Acute sinusitis: cough during day, may be worse at night. Chronic sinusitis: cough during day and night associated with intractable wheezing
- Signs and Symptoms: Acute: Fever, clear or mucopurulent rhinorrhea or post nasal drip, facial pain, headache, sore throat, halitosis. Chronic: malaise, fatigue, anorexia, low grade fever, sore thraot, swelling of middle turbinates, variable nasal discharge
- Acute: Streptococcus pneumonia, Hemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis. Chronic: GABHS, Staphyloccus aureus
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics:Dry cough with clear lungs or nonproductive, dry cough
- Signs and Symptoms: Sudden onset fever; lasts about 5 days. chills, malaise, headache, myagia, headache, myalgia, rhinorrhea, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis
- Epidemic caused by types A and B, mid-october to mid-feburary
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: Infants up to age 2
- Pulmonary Characteristics: nonproductive cough, wheezing, tachypnea, retractions, nasal flaring, prolonged expiratory phase, variable cyanosis, apnea, crackles
- Signs and Symptoms: rhinitis, otitis, conjunctivitis and/orpharyngitis
- Primarily caused by RSV. Other causes parinfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: Infants & Toddlers
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Mild: barking cough, hoarsness, no dyspnea, hypoxia. Severe: Inspiratory stridor, dyspnea, Hypoemia
- Signs and Symptoms: Abrupt onset, symptoms worse at night and with anxiety, rhinorrhea, hoarse voice, poor appetite, low grade fever, dehydration.
- Parainfluenza type I most common cause. Less common Parainfluenza type 2 & 3, RSV, Adenovirus, Influenza A and B, Measels. Rare: M.pneumoniae, S. aureus, H.influenzae. X-ray shows "steeple sign".
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: all ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics:Cough, productive, hemoptysis, persistent if chlaymydia, wheezing, tachypnea, retractions, grunting, nasal flaring, crackles, diffiuse or localized decrease in breath sounds
- Signs and Symptoms: abdominal pain for LL, may have concurrent URI, purulent sputum if bacterial, fever, pleurtic pain
- Newborns: Group B streptococci, Gram-negative enteric bacilli, Chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma, syphilis. Infants and young children <6: S.pneumoniae, H.influenzae. Preschool-young adult: mycoplasma, chlamydia. Older children: s.pneumoniae, s.aureus, anaerobes.
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:All ages, common <5 years
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Brassy, nonproductive cough that worsens and becomes productive. Wheezing, coarse, bronchial breath sounds in periphery of lungs, dyspnea.
- Signs and Symptoms: Initial phase may include URI symptoms, Rhinorrhea or nasal congestion, fever, malaise, sore throat, chest pain, myalgias or arthralgias
- Adenovirus, Influenza A,B, Parainfluenza 3, RSV, rhinovirus. Bacterial: M.pneumoniae, pertussis, C.pneumoniae, Corynebacterium diptheraie. winter and early spring.
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:Todders, adolescents
- Pulmonary Characteristics:If bronchial: nonproductive cough unilateral wheezing, decrased breath sounds. If tracheal partial or total obstruction of breathing
- Signs and Symptoms:
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Term
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
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Definition
- Age-Group: Infants <1 year of age
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Chronic cough
- Signs and Symptoms: Regurgitation, abdominal pain, heartburn, dysphagia, hoarseness, pharyngitis, halitosis, dental erosion, otitis media
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group: School age, young adolescents
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Hacking cough
- Signs and Symptoms: irritability, coryza, high fever, conjunctivits, photophobia, Koplik's spots in mouth, Toxic appearance, Generalized morbilliform rash
- Caused by Morbillivirus, contaious 3-5 days before rash and 4 days after rash appears.
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:Adolescents
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Chronic dry, hacking cough. Dissapears when sleeping
- Signs and Symptoms: Increases w/stress
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Term
| Tracheoesophageal Fistula |
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Definition
- Age-Group: Infants
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Episodes of coughing, rattling respiration, choking, cyanosis
- Signs and Symptoms: symptoms worsen when feeding
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Productive cough
- Signs and Symptoms: Daily fevers, night sweats, weight loss
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Term
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Definition
- Age-Group:All ages
- Pulmonary Characteristics: Frequent resp infections < 1 year: Coughing wheezing. Childhood, adulthood: chronic productive cough, wheeze, dyspnea on exertion
- Signs and Symptoms: All: salty sweat. Neonatal: meconium ileus, viscid meconium. Infancy:Steatorrhea, foul smelling stool, failure to thrive. childhood, adulthood: steatorrhea, foul smelling stool, weight loss inspite of high calorie intake, excessive flatus, abdominal pain/distention, delayed puberty, infertility.
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