Term
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Definition
V: Vasculitis
I: Septic arthritis
T: Hemarthrosis
A: RA, SLE, scleroderma, AS, reactive arthritis, rheumatic fever, and sarcoidosis
M: Gout, pseudogout, apatite-related arthropathy
I: Osteoarthritis
N: Metastasis, primary tumor of bone or cartilage, and paraneoplastic syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
T: Chronic repetitive use
A: RA
M: DM, hypothyroidism, acromegaly, gout, obesity
Idioapthic
C: Congenitally narrowed carpal tunnel
Other: Pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
V: PVD (occlusive arterial disease), DVT
I: Thromboangitis obliterans, spinal stenosis (lumbar) |
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Term
| Secondary hypercholesterolemia |
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Definition
M: Hypothyroidism, DM, cholestasis
I: Nephrotic syndrome, obesity (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) |
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Term
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Definition
V: Supraventricular tachycardia, rapid atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointe
M: Hypokalemia, hypomagnesium, fever, anemia, hyper/hypothryoidism, acromegaly
N: pheocromocytoma
S: Drug ingestion (sympathomimetic agents), acquired long QT (antidysrhythmics, antidepressants, antiemetics), drug withdrawal, anxiety, anorexia nervosa (electrolyte disturbance)
Congenital/genetic: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Jervell and Lange Neilsen syndrome, Romano-Ward syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
V: CHF, acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism
I: Pneumonia
T: Pneumothorax
M: DKA
I: COPD/asthma, massive atelectasis
N: Large pleural effusion |
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Term
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Definition
V: Aortic dissection, MI, PE, pulmonary infarction
I: Pericarditis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, TB, empyema, subphrenic abscess, herpes zoster
T: Pneumothorax, fractured rib, chest wall injury
A: SLE (serositis)
M: DKA
I: Dressler syndrome, esophageal spasm, peptic ulcer disease, GERD
N: Malignant pericarditis
S: Cocaine ingestion (coronary vasospasm), other sympathomimetic ingestion, anxiety
C: Hiatal hernia |
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Term
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Definition
A: Rheumatic valvular disease
I: Degenerative valve calcification, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
C: Congenital bicuspid valve |
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Term
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Definition
V: Acute aortic dissection, dilatation of the aortic root (Marfan Syndrome)
I: Bacterial endocarditis, syphilis of the aorta
T: Chest trauma (Acute AR) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Rheumatic valvular disease
I: Idiopathic valvular degeneration
N: Left atrial myxoma
C: Congenital valvular lesion |
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Term
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Definition
V: Ruptured chordae tendinae or papillary muscle (secondary to ischemia)
I: Bacterial endocarditis
A:Rheumatic valvular disease, RA
I: MVP
C: Dilation of the mitral ring |
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Term
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Definition
V:Renal vascular disease (fibromuscular dysplasia), coarctation of the aorta
M: Drugs, endocrine disease (Conn syndrome, Cushing syndrome, hyperthyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia)
I: Sleep apnea, renal parenchymal disease
N: Pheochromocytoma |
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Term
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Definition
V: PE, CHF, acute coronary syndrome
I: Pneumonia
T: Pneumothorax, aspiration of foreign body
M: DKA
I: Exacerbation of COPD/asthma, massive atelectasis
N: large pleural effusion, significant ascites
S: Sympathomimetic ingestion, drug withdrawal syndrome, anxiety (diagnosis of exclusion) |
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Term
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Definition
V: CHF, PE
I: Pneumonia, URTI (pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, tracheobronchitis), pertussis, TB
T: Inhalation injury, aspiration of foreign body
A: Sarcoidosis
I: Postnasal drip, GERD, aspiration pneumonitis, COPD/asthma, ACEI
Neoplasm
C: Anatomic abnormalities in the tracheobronchial tree or compressing the tracheobronchial tree, cystic fibrosis, alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
V: PE, pulmonary hypertension (mitral stenosis), ateriovenous malformation, vasculitis
I: TB, lung abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis
T: aspiration of foreign body
A: Goodpasture syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis
M: Coagulopathy
I: Bronchiectasis
N: Bronchogenic carcinoma |
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Term
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Definition
V: Infarct, vascular lesion
I: TB (granuloma), histoplasmosis, aspergilloma, abscess, consolidation
T: Hematoma
I: Fluid filled cyst, artifact
N: Bronchial carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma), metastatic disease, and benign neoplasm (bronchial adenoma, hamartoma) |
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Term
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Definition
I: Abscess, pneumonia, TB
T: Punctured by fractured rib, penetrating injury (stab wound, gunshot wound), mechanical ventilation, barotrauma
I: Spontaneous pneumothrorax, COPD/asthma (bleb rupture), central line insertion, thoracentesis, ascent in plane
Neoplasm
C: Rupture of subpleural bleb, cystic fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
T: Ingestion of caustic substance
A: Collagen vascular disease (scleroderma)
M: Iron-deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)
I: Benign esophageal stricture, achalasia, neurogenic disorders (stroke, Parkinson disease, bulbar palsy, Guillain-barré syndrome, ALS)
N: Esophageal, pharyngeal, mediastinal (lung, lymphoma)
C: Pharyngeal pouch |
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Term
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Definition
V: esophageal varices, angiodysplasia, aortoenteric fistula
T: Mallory-Weiss tear, nose bleed (swallowed blood)
M: Coagulopathy
I: Esophagitis, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease
Substance abuse and psychiatric |
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Term
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Definition
V: Ischemic colitis
I: Bacterial, parasitic or viral gastroenteritis, pseudomembranous colitis
A: celiac disease, Whipple disease
M: Drug reactions, carcinoid syndrome, hyperthyroidism
I: IBD, IBS, malabsorption, runner's diarrhea
C: cystic fibrosis, lactose intolerance |
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Term
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Definition
I: PID/ tubo-ovarian abscess, psoas abscess
T: Musculoskeletal injury
I: Appendicitis, mesenteric adenitis, ascending diverticulitis, incarcerated hernia Crohn disease, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, renal colic |
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Term
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Definition
I: Viral hepatitis
T: Resorption of a large hematoma
A: Autoimmune hepatitis
M: Hemolysis
I: Biliary obstruction (Stone/Stricture)
N: Obstructing biliary lesion
S: alcoholic or toxic hepatitis
C: Gilbert syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
V: Right-sided heart failure (congestive hepatomegaly)
I: Acute pyelonephritis, right-sided pneumonia, viral hepatitis
T: MSK injury
A: Autoimmune hepatitis
I: Acute cholescystitis, duodenal ulcer/PUD |
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Term
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Definition
V: Leaking or ruptured AAA, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, right-sided heart failure (congestive hepatomegaly)
I: Viral hepatitis, pneumonia
T: MSK injury
A: Autoimmune hepatitis
I: Perforated viscus, acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis (e.g. biliary stones), duodenal ulcer/PUD
S: Alcoholic pancreatitis, alcoholic/toxic hepatitis |
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Term
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Definition
V: Leaking/ruptured AAA, aortic dissection
I: PID/tubo-ovarian abscess
T: MSK injury
I: Sigmoid diverticulitis, incarcerated hernia, perforated viscus, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, and renal colic |
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Term
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Definition
V: esophageal varices, aortoenteric fistula, angiodysplasia, ischemic colitis
I: Invasive diarrhea (eg enteroinvasive E. coli)
T: Mallory-Weiss tear, anorectal trauma, anal fissures
M: Coagulopathy
I: Diverticular disease, IBD, proctitis
Neoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
V: Stroke (atonic colon)
T: Spinal cord injury (atonic colon), anal fissure
M: Hypothyroidism, hypercalcemia, drugs (chronic laxative use), diet
I: IBS, fecal impaction, bowel obstruction (adhesions), rectal stricture
N: Bowel tumor
C: Hirschsprung disease |
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Term
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Definition
I: Giardia lambia, postinfectious malabsorption (villous sloughing)
A: Celiac disease, Whipple disease
I: Chronic pancreatitis, biliary obstruction
C: Cystic fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
I: UTI
A: Wegener granulomatosis, Goodpasture syndrome
M: Sickle cell anemia, coagulopathy, drugs
I: Glomerulonephritis, stones (bladder, renal)
N: Bladder or kidney tumor |
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Term
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Definition
V: ruptured/leaking AAA
I: UTI
M: Coagulopathy, sickle cell crisis
I: renal colic, hemorrhagic cystitis, incarcerated/strangulated hernia, appendicitis, diverticulitis |
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Term
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Definition
I: UTI, STI, vaginitis
T: Passage of stone
I: Urethral syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
V: Hemorrhage into testicular tumor
I: epididymitis, orchitis, cellulitis or fasciitis (Fournier gangrene)
T: Acute injury
I: Incarcerated/strangulated inguinal hernia, torsion of testicular appendages
N: Testicular tumor
C: Testicular torsion (bell-clapper deformity) |
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Term
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Definition
I: UTI
T: Posttraumatic urethral stricture
I: Bladder calculi
N: Prostatic enlargement (BPH or malignancy), bladder tumor
C: urethral stricture |
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Term
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Definition
I: Syphilis, herpes, chancroid, granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venerum
T: Repetitive trauma
A: Behçet disease
N: Malignancy |
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Term
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Definition
V: Migraine, subarachnoid hemorrhage, temporal arteritis
I: Cerebral abscess, meningitis, sinusitis
T: Head injury, concussion, intracranial hemorrhage (subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma)
I: Post-lumbar puncture headache
N: Brain tumor
S: Carbon monoxide posioning
Other: tension headache, cluster headache, acute angle closure glaucoma, occipital neuralgia |
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Term
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Definition
V: Intracranial hemorrhage
I: Meningitis, encephalitis
T: Head Injury, post-brain injury seizure
M: Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia, hypoxia
I: Nonadherence with antiseizure medication regimen, drug interactions
N: Brain tumor
S: Drug withdrawl, sympathomimetic agents, serotonin syndrome, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, pseudoseizure
Other: Epilepsy, eclampsia |
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Term
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Definition
V: Stroke, intracranial hemorrhage
I: Acute otitis media, otitis externa, parotitis, herpes zoster oticus, Lyme disease
T: Mandible fracture, blunt injury to face, laceration
I: Bell palsy, post-facial surgery condition
N: Brain tumor, facial neuroma, acoustic neuroma, parotid tumor, cholesteatoma |
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Term
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Definition
V: Stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic)
I: Cerebral abscess, encphalitis, meningitis, sepsis
T: Traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, hypotension
M: Hypoglycemia, hypoxia, electrolyte disturbance
I: Prescription medications
N: Brain tumor
S: Accidental toxic exposure, drug withdrawl, use of street drugs, malingering, mental illness
Other: Postictal state |
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Term
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Definition
V: Ischemic stroke (embolism or thrombosis), hemorrhagic stroke, transient ischemic attack, arterial dissection, vasculitis
T: Traumatic intacranial hemorrhage
M: Todd's paralysis (postseizure), hypoglycemia |
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Term
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Definition
V: Poststroke pain
I: Epidural abscess, discitis, apical lung pneumonial, postherpetic neuralgia, HIV neuropathy
T: Posttraumatic spinal cord injury, spinal fracture, dislocation, or ligamentous injury with spinal cord or nerve compression
M: Diabetes, nutritional deficiency
I: Postsurgical pain, postradiation myelopathy
N: Primary or spinal cord tumor, metastatic cancer with spinal cord or nerve involvement or compression
S: Alcohol neuropathy, diethyltoluamide (DEET) |
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Term
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Definition
V: Vertebral artery dissection
T: Cervical spine fracture, dislocation or ligamentous injury; muscle strain
I: Pressure sores caused by spine board immobilization |
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Term
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Definition
V: Spinal cord infarction, aortic dissection
I: Epidural abscess, discitis
T: Spinal fracture, dislocation, ligamentous injury with spinal cord compression or cauda equina syndrome
N: Primary or metastatic neoplasm with erosion or compression of spinal cord or cauda equina, spinal cord tumor |
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Term
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Definition
Scalp contusion
Scalp laceration
Skull fracture
Epidural hematoma
Subdural hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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Term
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Definition
V: Vasculitis
I: Septic arthritis
T: Hemarthosis
A: RA, SLE, Scleroderma, AS, reactive arthritis, rheumatic fever, sarcoidosis
M: Gout, pseudogout, apatite-related arthopathy
I: Osteoarthritis
N: Metastasis, primary tumor of bone or cartilage, and paraneoplastic syndrome |
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Term
|
Definition
T: Chronic repetitive use syndrome
A: RA
M: DM, hypothyroidism, acromegaly, gout, obesity
Idiopathic
C: Congenitally narrowed carpal tunnel
Other: Pregnancy |
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