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| A Nation At Risk: 1983 report published by Reagan's National Commission on Excellence in Education: generated fear that US students were falling behind/ aligned with Cold War sentiments |
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| Program for International Student Assessment: test administered every three years to 15 year-olds in nations around the world; tests literacy, mathematics & science |
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| Teach for America: program where recent college graduates are hired to teach in low-income area schools under two-year contracts. Started by Wendy Kopp in 1990 |
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| non-profit organization charged with collecting data on students; recently embroiled in data protection scandal |
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| Common Core State Standards: standards developed on a national level by representatives from Achieve, Inc., Council of Chief State School Officers, National Governors' Association for Best Practices, and other organizations to include the Gates Foundation |
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| Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study: tests students in 4th & 8th grade every four years in nations across the world; generates a ranking |
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| No Child Left Behind: a 2001 act (under Bush) that linked federal funding to measureable attainment on educational tests |
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