Term
OAs work on 3 defects of TYPE 2 diabetes |
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Definition
- Insulin resistance
- Decreased insulin production
- Increased hepatic glucose production
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Term
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Definition
- Increase insulin production from pancreas
- Hypoglycemia
- Promotes weight gain
Glucotrol, Amaryl |
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Term
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Definition
- Increase insulin production from the pancreas
- More rapidly absorbed & eliminated than sulfonylureas
- Less likely to cause hypoglycemia
- 30 mins before meals
- Should not be taken if a meal is skipped
- Promotes weight gain
Prandin
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Term
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Definition
- Reduce glucose production by liver
- Enhances insulin sensitivity at tissue level
- Improves glucose transport into cells
- 1st choice for TYPE 2 diabetes
- Does not promote weight gain
- Prevent TYPE 2 in prediabetics
- Do not use c kidney/liver disease or HF
Glucophage
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Term
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
"Starch Blockers" |
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Definition
- Slow down absorption of carbs in small intestine
Precose
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Term
Thiazolidinediones
"Insulin sensitizers" |
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Definition
- Most effective for insulin resistant people
- Improve insulin sensitivity, transport, and utilization at target tissues
- Will not cause hypoglycemia (alone)
- Do not use with HF
Actos, Avandia
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Term
Dipeptidly Peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 |
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Definition
- Slow inactivation of incretin hormones
- Incretins increase insulin synthesis & release from pancreas & decrease hepatic glucose production
- Decrease hypoglycemia risk
- Does not promote weight gain
Janubia, Onglyza |
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Term
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Definition
- For TYPE 1 & 2 who have not achieved glucose control
- 3 mechanisms
- slows gastric emptying
- reduces postprandial glucagon secretion
- increases satiety (= decrease caloric intake)
- SC into thigh or abdomen
- With insulin = Severe hypoglycemia
Symlin
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Term
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Definition
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