Pt supine or standing;

Shld abd + elbow flexed to 120;

PT to apply valgus stress (will have shoulder in ER), supporting elbow w/ 2H

Quickly move elbow to 30 flex

Pain/apprehension from 120-70 is + for partial MCL tear

Pt sitting or standing;

Elbow flexed 90, in midprone

PT resists pronation of forearm while pt extends elbow

("wax off" test)

N/T at median nerve distribution is + for Pronator Teres compression of median nerve

Have pt actively extend elbow – if they can’t do it, is prob a fx

(flynn book)

o   Tap ulnar nerve in groove btwn olecranon and medial epicondyle.

Positive sign indicated by tingling in ulnar distrib along forearm and hand (indicates "general neurological disfunction")

Compress ulnar nerve at elbow, w/ arm at 20 degrees flexion - hold for 60 secs - "does this reproduce your symptoms?”

+ test reproduces symptoms

"egyptian pose" (palms up)

Pt standing or sitting;

Flex elbows, abduct/depress shoulders, ext wrists to flat; hold 3 minutes

N/T in ulnar distribution is + test for ulnar nerve entrapment at cubital tunnel

Pt to touch index finger tip to thumb finger tip.

if pt can only do pad-to-pad, is + for anterior inteosseus nerve (branch of median n.) entrapment

Pt standing, seated, or supine;

Pt to flex elbow to 90;

compress radius against humerus and twist into pron/supination

Pain / reproduced symptoms is + for OA, or traumatic-type damage

Pt sitting

flex elbow 90

support/palpate at lat condyle

pronate hand

flex wrist

extend elbow

(can then take into UD for more stretch)

+ sign is pain at lat epicondyle

Pt to press ulnar surfaces of hands together (as if collecting water in the palms)

Pain @ medial elbow = MCL damage

+ test for LIGAMENTOUS INSTABILITY

Pt standing/sitting, elbow slightly flexed

Block elbow,while palpating collateral ligament resist wrist to that side

+ test for valgus or varus instability

Pt supine or sitting

cup elbow or keep blocked w/ table

compress through radius (grip only radius, not whole hand)

flex/extend and pronate/supinate while loaded

Pain/crepitus indicate:

+ for degenerative changes at joint/arthritis

Pt makes a fist

If 3rd knuckle not above the 4th and 5th,

+ test for lunate dislocation