Term
| Erikson's Seventh Stage of Development |
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Definition
Generativity v. Stagnation
When middle-aged adults find meaning in helping younger people.
Generativity:sense of making a valuable contribution |
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Term
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Definition
-started in the 1960's
-usually hits people in their 40's |
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Term
Role
Role Strain
Role Conflict |
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Definition
role - content of a social position
role strain - strain experienced by a person who doesn't have the skills, experience do measure up to the demands of their role
role conflict - two or more roles conflict (mother v. business woman) |
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Term
| Changes in Relationships in Middle Adulthood |
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Definition
- family roles are still important
- marriage stability/satisfaction increases in mid-life due to skilled diplomacy
skilled diplomacy - an approach to solving problems that involves the confrontation of the spouse about an issue, followed by a period during which the confronting spouse works to restore harmony (more used by wives) |
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Term
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Definition
| Taking care of both children and aging parents. |
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Term
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Definition
Remote - Do not see grandchildren often
Companionate - frequent contact and interaction
Involved - closely involved with daily life and have personal ties with them |
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Term
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Definition
- adults feel a great sense of responsibility to aging parents
- 1/4 of family members aged 45-54 provide unpaid care to elderly parents
- 12% of people over 65 who have adult children live with them |
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Term
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Definition
- a term for the negative effects of caring for an elderly/disabled person
- women are more likely to be involved in care giving of elder persons
- if a son is unmarried he is more likely to take on the role than a married sister
- if both son/daughter are involved, they share equally
- caregivers with help and support networks are less likely to feel negative effects |
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Term
| Frienships in Middle Adulthood |
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Definition
- fewer friends
- intimate and close
- social role conflicts are less
- friendships depend less on frequent contact |
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Term
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Definition
- Work satisfaction is at it's peak
- Quality of work remains high
- Men tend to see work less and less as their only fulfillment
- Women get their most rapid work advancement
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Term
| Mid-Life Unemployment/Career Transitions |
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Definition
Involuntary Career Changes - people who change careers b/c of external reasons(skills obsolete, laid off, jobs eliminated)
Voluntary Career Changes - choosing a new career path b/c of internal reasons |
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Term
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Definition
- gradual reduction in workload
- Baby Boomers: length of retirement will be greater
:nest eggs are in the stick market
: most expect to work for at least part-time during retirement |
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Term
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Definition
| - scientific study of aging |
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Term
| Characteristics of the Elderly Population |
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Definition
- life expectancy increases as adults get older
: the average 65 year-old-man will live to 82, but once he reaches his mid-80's, he is likely to live until 90
: 65-year-old-women will live to 87, but cna expect to live over 92 |
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Term
| Sub-Groups of the Elderly |
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Definition
Young-Old= 60-75
Old-Old=75-85
Oldest-Old=85+ (fastest growing population in Canada)
- majority of these regard their health as good/excellent |
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Term
| Alzheimer's Disease & Other Sources of Mental Confusion |
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Definition
- irreversible, degenerative condition is the most common cause of dementia
- can come from illnesses, infection, metabolic disturbances and drug intoxications
- little of cognitive impairment is reversible
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Term
Functional Status
ADL
IADL |
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Definition
-measure of ability to perform certain roles/tasks (self-help/chores of daily living)
-ADL- self help tasks: bathing, dressing, using toilet
-IADL-housework, cleaning, managing money
-diseases most likely to interfere with phsyical tasks = arthritis/hypertension |
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Term
| Changes in the Brain/Nervous System in the Elderly |
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Definition
4 Changes in the Brain
- reduction of brain weight
- loss of grey matter
- loss of density in the dendrites
- slower synaptic speed
- loss of neurons
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Term
| vision changes in the elderly |
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Definition
- farsightedness
- enlarged blind spot, reduced field of vision
- pupils don't work as well
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Term
| hearing changes in the elderly |
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Definition
- presbycusis - major hearing loss
- difficulties in word discriminations
- problems hearing under noise conditions
- tinnitus:persistent ringing in ears |
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Term
| smell, taste, touch changes in the elderly |
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Definition
- ability to taste 4 basics does not lesson
- less saliva
- smell deteriorates
- loss of sensitivity to touch
- less responsive to cold/ heat |
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Term
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Definition
| - mental and physical functioning decline drastically only in the few years before death |
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Term
| Behavioural Effects of Physical Changes in the Elderly |
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Definition
-general sense of slowing down
-sleep changes: wake up frequently during the night
:slow decrease in rem sleep
:more likely to wake up early and go to bed early
: nap more
- reduction in stamina, dexterity and balance
- adults fall more often & have problems with fine-motor movements
-70% of seniors still have sex |
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Term
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Definition
- severe form of dementia, cause unknown
- genetic factors come into play
- damage is not reversible
- preventative measures include iron and cholesteral reduction |
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Term
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Definition
- caused by one or more strokes
- 2-8% of adults over 65 show significant symptoms of dementia |
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Term
| Institutionalization of the Elderly in Canada |
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Definition
- The average older adults will spend a few years with a disability or a chronic disease
- 7% of adults require institutionalization
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Term
| Depression in Older Adults |
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Definition
- may be dismissed as grumpiness
- may be mistaken as dementia
- suicide rate is slightly below the national average |
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Term
| Memory Changes in the Elderly |
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Definition
-Older adults outperform younger adults on prospective memory tasks in a natural setting, but under-perform on such tasks when in a controlled laboratory setting where there are no external memory cues, such as a calendar or reminder note
- learning process takes longer
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Term
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Definition
- is a process rather than a phenomenon
-3/f of deaths occur in hospitals or care facilities |
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Term
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Definition
holistic approach
- death should be viewed as normal
- patient/family should be encouraged to prepare for death
- family should be involved in patient's care
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on relieving pain rather than curing diseases |
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Term
| Child/Adolescents View of Death |
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Definition
pre-school aged children do not understand that death is irreversible, comes to everyone, and is a cessation of all function
- school aged children understand the permanence and university of death
- adolescents understand the finality of death and that it is inevitable |
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Term
| Meaning of Death in Early Adulthood |
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Definition
unique invulnerability - idea that bad things only happen to others
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Term
| Meaning of Death in Middle/Late Adulthood |
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Definition
- death changes the roles of everyone in the family and bring permanent change
- individualus think of time as "time until death" rather than "time since birth"
- the most pervasive meaning of death is one of loss |
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Term
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Definition
Stems from 6 essential things
–The finality of death
–The uncertainty of what follows
–Annihilation anxiety or fear of non-existence
–The ultimate loss
–Fear of the pain and loneliness in dying
–Fear of failing to complete life work |
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Term
| Fear of Death (Religious) |
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Definition
- people who are deeply religious or completely nonreligious report no fear of death
- the most fearful are those uncertain about religion |
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Term
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Definition
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance |
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