Term
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Definition
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Term
| Defining Psychological Disorders |
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Definition
Patterns of behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or physical symptoms with one or more of the following:
-Distress
-Disability
-Increases risk for further suffering or harm
-Excludes cultural background and doesn't describe causes just behaviors |
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Term
| Ratio of infants,children and toddlers that have a significant mental health problem |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the problem with labeling people with disorders? |
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Definition
Possibility of creating a stigme
Labels describe behavior not people
Negative attitudes and beliefs that motivate fear, rejection, avoidance, and discrimination
Children might attempt to adapt to abnormal or unusual circumstances |
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Term
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Definition
Dianostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Purpose is to help describe, organize, and express comples features of behavior patterns.
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Term
| What must you consider when defining a psychological disorder in a child? |
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Definition
| Children's competence, normal developmental milestones, developmental progress and impairments |
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Term
| Define Developmental Pathways |
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Definition
| The Sequence and timing of particular behaviors as well as the possible behaviors over time. |
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Term
| How many Developmental Pathways are there? |
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Definition
Pathways are not static, Two Types:
Multifinality: Various outcomes may stem from similiar beginnings
Equifinality: Similar outcomes stem fro different early experiences and developmental pathways. |
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Term
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Definition
Variables that precede a negative outcome and increasea the chances that the outcome will occur.
Involve acute, stressful situations, as well as chronice adversity. |
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Term
| Define Protective Factors: |
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Definition
| Personal or situational variables that reduce the chances of a child developing a disorder |
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Term
| What are Known risk factors? |
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Definition
Known risk factors:
•chronic poverty
•serious care-giving deficits
•parental mental illness
•death of a parent
•community disasters
•homelessness
•family breakup
•pregnancy and birth complications
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Term
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Definition
The ability to fight off or recover from misfortune
associated with strong self-confidence, coping skills, ability to avoid risk situations, ability to fight off or recover from misfortune
not a universal, categorical, or
fixed attribute; it varies across time and situations
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Term
| What affects rates and expressions of mental disorders? |
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Definition
Poverty is associates with impairments in learning ability and school achievement.
Poor children suffer more conduct problems, chronic illness, school problems, emotional disorders, and cognitive/learning problems.
Poverty has a significant yet indirect effect on children's adjustment, which affects learning and mental health. |
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Term
Sex differences rates and expression |
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Definition
Problems seen more in BOYS: Hyperactivity and autism
Acting-out behaviors
childhood disruptive behavior disorders
learning and communication disorders
early-onset disorders with neuro-dev impairment
Problems seen more in GIRLS:
Anxiety, depression withdrawn behavior
Somatic complaints
Eating disorders
Emotional disorders with peak age of onset in adolescence |
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Term
| RAtes and Expression in CULTURE |
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Definition
Values, beliefs, practices of ethnocultural groups:
•contribute to development and expression of children’s disorders
•affect how people/institutions react to children’s problems
•affect how problems are expressed
–Important not to generalize research from one culture to another, although some processes and disorders may be similar across diverse cultures
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Term
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Definition
| Impact is most severe when problems go untreated for extended periods of time |
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Term
| What sort of factors might influence a child's development? |
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Definition
| Biological, Psychological, Family, Social |
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Term
| What is the Developmental Psycholpathology Perspective? |
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Definition
Developmetal Psychology + Clinical Psychology.
Understandiing disordered behavior in relation to normal development. |
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Term
| Biological Perspective risk for disordered Behavior |
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Definition
Abnormal development can result from:
genetic abnormalities
Prenatal, Perinatal, or postnatal events
Prenatal: Teratogens
Perinatal: Excessive medication at birth, unusual delivery, anoxia
Postnatal: Accidents, illness, malnutrition
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Term
| Define Behavioral genetics: |
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Definition
| How genes influence psychopathology |
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Term
What is Genetic relatedness of First, second and third degree relatives?
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Definition
First: 50%
Second: 25%
Third: 12.5% |
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Term
| Define Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): |
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Definition
| Releationships between antecedents and consequences of Behavior |
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Term
| Family and Social Influences: Define Attachment |
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Definition
| Attachment-Early bond between parents and child. |
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