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Definition
| The process by which the nerve cells are coveed and insulated with a layer of fat cells, which increases the speed at which information travels through the nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's second stage, lasting from about 2 to 7 years of age, during which children begin to represent the world with words, images, and drawings, and symbolic thought goes beyond simple connections of sensory information and physical action; stable concepts are formed, mental reasoning emerges, egocentrism is present, and magical beliefs are constructed |
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| Symbolic Function Substage |
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Definition
| Piaget's first substage of preoperational thought, in which the child gains the ability to mentally represent an object that is not present (between about 2 and 4 years of age) |
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| The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's (salient feature of the first substage of preoperational thought) |
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| The belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action |
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In Piaget's theory, awarenes that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.
EX. Piagets experiment with diff. size glasses filled with same amount of liquid. "Piaget's _________ Task" |
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| Zone of Proximal Development |
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Definition
| Vygotsky's term for tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but can be mastered with the assistance of adults or more-skilled children |
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Definition
| The focusing of mental resources on select information |
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| Focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or other aspect of the environment |
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Definition
| Awareness of one's own mental processes and the mental processes of others. |
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Term
| Changes in Syntax and Semantics |
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Definition
Six Key Principles in Young Children's Vocabulary Development:
1. Children learn the words they hear most often
2. Children learn words for things and events that interest them
3. Children learn words better in responsive and interactive contexts than in passive contexts
4. Children learn words best in contexts that are meaningful
5. Children learn words best when they access clear information about word meaning
6. Children learn words best when grammar and vocabulary are considered |
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Term
| The child- centered kindergarten |
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Definition
| Each child follow a unique developmental pattern; Young children learn best through firsthand experiences with people and materials; and play is extremely important in the child's total development. Experimenting, exploring, discovering, trying out, restructing, speaking, and listening are frequent activities in excellent kindergarten activities |
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Term
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Definition
| A government-funded program that is designed to provide children from low-income families with the opportunity to acquire the skills and experiences important for school success |
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