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Developmental Psychology
Psy 113, URI
22
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/03/2012

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Term
Qualitative
Definition
aim to gather in depth understanding of human behavior, and the why and how of decision making.
Term
Quantitative
Definition
Can be measured as how many , how long and how much etc. for example, Height weight.
Term
Nature vs. Nurture
Definition
Is a debate about whether we become who are because of biological reasons(DNA, Heredity) or because of our environment(Our family, our experiences etc).
Term
Imprinting
Definition
Rapid learning that occurs during a brief receptive period, typically soon after birth or hatching, and establishes a long-lasting behavioral response to a specific individual or object, as attachment to parent, offspring, or site.
Term
Twin Studies
Definition
A method of detecting genetic causes in human traits and genetic factors in behaviour using sets of twins.
Term
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Definition
Any change in the normal structure or number of chromosomes; often results in physical or mental abnormalities
Term
Phenylketonuria
Definition
Is a rare condition in which a baby is born without the ability to properly break down an amino acid called phenylalanine.
Term
Trisomy-21
Definition
Down syndrome
Term
Cephalocaudal
Definition
Is the prenatal growth from conception to 5 months when the head grows more than the body.
Term
Proximodistal
Definition
Is the prenatal growth from 5 months to birth when the fetus grows from the inside of the body outwards.
Term
Zygote
Definition
The cell formed by the union of the nuclei of two reproductive cells.
Term
Teratogens
Definition
Any agent that can disturb the development of an embryo or fetus.
Term
Stage Theory
Definition
Rest on the assumption that development is a discontinuous process involving distinct stages which are characterized by qualitative differences in behaviour.
Term
Jean Piaget
Definition
Developmental psychologist and philosopher known for his studies with children.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
Assimilation is a term referring to another part of the adaptation process initially proposed by Jean Piaget. Through this process, we add new information to our existing knowledge base, sometimes reinterpreting these new experiences so that they will fit in with previously existing information.
Term
Accommodation
Definition
When experiences introduce new information or information that conflicts with existing schemas, you must accomodate this new learning in order to ensure that what's inside your head conforms to what's outside in the real world.
Term
Cognitive Disequilibrium
Definition
Is a concept in psychology, coined by Jean Piaget, which refers to the circumstance which results when a person experiences a discrepancy between something new and what they already know or believe.
Term
Lawrence Kohlberg
Definition
A psychologist who developed a theory of moral stages of development, from pre-conventional to conventional to post-conventional; 1927-1987.
Term
Hypothetical Moral Dilemma
Definition
Problems that Kohlberg would present children with to determine their growth of morality.
Term
Erik Erikson
Definition
Was a Danish-German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on social development of human beings. He may be most famous for coining the phrase identity crisis.
Term
Psychosocial Stages
Definition
Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame and doubt
Initiative vs Guilt
...etc..
Term
Basic Trust vs. Mistrust
Definition
sense of security towards a parent/caregiver and world around them, that develops in an infant after being given loving and responsive care.
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