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Developmental Psych
Ch 1-Introduction
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
10/05/2008

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Term
nature/nurture
Definition
an enduring theme that says environment and genetics interact to influence development
Term
nature
Definition
biological endowment, particularly genes
Term
nurture
Definition
wide or narrow range environment
Term
the active child
Definition
the idea that children shape their own dev. through selective attention and beyond
Term
continuous
Definition
the idea that dev. is a process of small changes
Term
discontinuous
Definition
the idea that dev. is a series of sudden changes like steps
Term
cognitive dev.
Definition
dev. by Jean Piaget of thinking, rethinking and reasoning
Term
variation
Definition
the differences with and withing individuals
Term
selection
Definition
the more frequent survival of indiv. w/ advantageous traits, survival of the fittest
Term
sociocultural context
Definition
a particular set of cultural and physical envrionmental characteristics
Term
socioeconomic status
Definition
a measure of social class based on income and education
Term
factors of variation
Definition
genetics, differences in parental treatment, differences in reactions, different environments
Term
reliability
Definition
the degree to which repeated measures are consistent with each other
Term
test-retest reliability
Definition
reliability that is attained when two or more tests yield similar results
Term
interrater reliability
Definition
reliability that is attained when two or more raters yield similar ratings
Term
validity
Definition
the degree to which a test measures what is supposed to measure, or accuracy
Term
internal validity
Definition
the degree to which the test is effective
Term
external validity
Definition
the ability to generalize the results of the experiment outside the test
Term
structured interview
Definition
interview used to collect self reports and the same topics from all particpants
Term
clinical interview
Definition
interview for obtaining in-depth information about an individual participant
Term
correlation coefficient
Definition
a numerical value assigned to the direction and strength of a correlation
Term
direction-of-causation problem
Definition
correlation does not mean causation
Term
third-variable-problem
Definition
the correlation betw. two var. may actually be caused by a third variable
Term
cross-sectional design
Definition
compares participants of different ages on the same topic
Term
longitudinal design
Definition
compares participants across time on the same topics
Term
microgenetic design
Definition
the same participants are studied repeatedly over a short period of time
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