Makes Predictions

Parsimonious

Is it falsifiable?

Proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner

Has the 5 systems:

Microsystem - most proximal; direct interaction with child

Mesosystem - interaction between peer groups (i.e. friends and parents)

Exosystem - Context the child may not be a part of, but may influence microsystem (parent's work environment, school board, families of peers)

Macrosystem - Larger cultural system (i.e. society, laws, etc)

Chronosystem - Time frame from when a child lives and how it effects development

The physical social settings, customs of child care and child rearing, and psychology of caretakers that make up a child's environment

i.e. physical and social settings include physical space, presence or absense of multiple generations living together, customs of childcare or caretaking practices.

Stage theorist, belives that children will pass through stages as they progress

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Concrete Operational

Formal Operational

Assimilation

Accomodation

Piagetian theory that new information incorporated with existing knowledge

For example, learning something new about an individual, like an interest, that doesn't change your opinion of the person

Piagetian theory stating that existing knowledge is modified to account for new information

For example, thinking you know someone, only to find out they are a convicted arsonist.  This changes your ideology about them

Proposed by Lev Vygotsky, a socio-culturalist who believe that certain children receive better development under a certain time frame than other time in their lives. 

Big on idea of scaffolding

A lifespan approach

Erikson was more interested in normative or "healthy" development

Studied cultural similarities and differences

Eight Stages of Crisises that required overcoming

Moral reasoning develops throug 3 major stages

Not all individuals reach highest stage

Kohlberg suggests stages are universal, but final stage and rate of change may vary from culture to culture

Good research is:

1.) Ojbective - not biased by preconceived notions

2.) Reliable - Findings are consistant

3.) Valid - Findings are what we say they are

4.) Replicable - Others testing wil yield the same results

Dependent Varialbe - A variable that is hypothesized to vary depending on or under the influence of another variable (the outcome)

Independent Variable- A variable that is hypothesized to cause, or lead ot, variation in another cause (the cause)

Measuring the same individuals at two points in time

HOWEVER, if you are testing something that can change (for example, mood) T/RT may not work

A measure appears to accurately asdess the intended variable "on the face of it"

Can be biased on cultural perceptions

A reasearch design where different age groups are tested one at a time

Cohort effect -time binding groups together

The investigator lives for a time with, or near, a group of people and observes their daily life, activities, and rituals

For example, most of A&E's documentaries or Jane Goodall

Asking group members to describe their cultural beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, and values.

For example, the second half of "Michael Moore Hates America"