Term
| What is the neural tube and what will it become? |
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Definition
When dorsal surface thickens and long thin lips rise, curl and merge, forming a nural tube, that surrounds a fluid-filled cavity.
As the tube sinks under the surface of the skin, the forward end enlarges and differentiates into the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. The rest becomes the spinal cord. The fluid filled cavity within the neural tube becomes the central canal of the spinal cord and the 4 ventricles of the brain, containing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
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Term
| What part of the brain develops for the longest amount of time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 steps that we outlined in brain development? |
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Definition
1. Proliferation- birth of new cells
2. Differentation- becoming certain type of cell(nuralblast/gliablast)
3. Migration- where they will live, what type of cell they will become
4. Myelination- change or maturation of certain cells
5. Synapse formation- forming synapses (make more than keep)
6. Pruning- gettin rid of cells we don't want |
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Term
| Why must a neuron stay "connected" to other neurons in order to live? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cell suicide, necesarry for propper development |
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Term
| What is an example of apoptosis as a normal part of development? |
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Definition
aspects of memory increase, that part of the brain shows increased activity.
Prefrontal cortex show increased white matter and decrease neuron number |
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Term
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Definition
| pathological cell death, cells die from lack of connection |
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Term
| What causes fetal alcohol syndrome? |
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Definition
| When mom drinks heavily, and often during pregnancy. |
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Term
| What are some examples of how experience affects brain development? |
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Definition
impoverished vs. enriched :
Enriched- thicker cortex, more dendridic branchin, improved performance on tests of leaning.
Nature vs Nurture: Nature- prenatal environment
post-natal environment, stimuli are critical for normal development:
-visual system
-olfactory system
-language
-social interaction |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of the brain to change, decreases with age, organization and location of info processing, experience IS essential |
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Term
| What is adult neurogenesis and where does it occur? |
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Definition
the birth and maturation of new neurons in adults.
Occurs in lateral ventraicle and hippocampal formation |
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Term
| In what way does a musicians brain differn from a non-musician's? |
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Definition
Stronger response in auditory cortex to pure tones
Area of temproal cortex 30% larger
The reresentation of the fingers in the somatosensory cortex is increased
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