Term
|
Definition
| Development of an embryo. A multicellular organism from just a cell. Transition from a one celled to multicellular organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell division of the cytoplasma leading to the partitioning of the egg. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structure that forms the interface between the embryo/fetus and the mother. It is through what the resources needed for continued growth are recieved from the mother. It originates from the trophoblast (the outer layer of the blastocyst... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process through which early cells shift in organization to form three distinct layers of cells that will go on to develope other tissue. (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process through which the ectodermal cells are induced into becoming neuroblasts and not epidermal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Innermost layer of cells that will develop into the digestive lining |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Middle layer of cells that go on to develop muscle and skeletal tissue... The notochord is also formed out of mesoderm cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exterior-most layer of cells that gives rise to the nervous tissue and skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Skin cells... the other fate of ectoderm besides nervous tissue
??? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early embryos are divided into animal and vegetal poles. the Animal pole will give rise to ectodermal cells while the vegetal pole will give rise to endodermal cells. The area in between gives rise to mesodermal cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neural induction process in drosophila through which neuroblasts are formed. A neurogenic region produces neuroblasts thare swell into the embryo. Aeschute scuti genes and notch delta pathways are activated to promote proneural genes and silence them from neighboring cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early embryonic stage prior to implantation where embryoblast/trophoblast start forming |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cells that go on to generate neurons
??? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small invagination in the blastula... gastrulation invagination occurs dorsal to the blastopore
(in frogs?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In vertebrate embryos, this is the dorsal region above the primitive streak composed of ectodermal cells that will go on to produce neural cells. During neural induction, the plate rolls up into the neural tube, causing the tube to internalize and seperate from the rest of the ectoderm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process part of gastrublation through which mesodermal cells are internalized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chord derived from mesodermal cells. It is important in the ventralization of the neural tube as it excretes Shh. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Area on top of egg yolk
???????????? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cells in the border region of the ectoderm/neural tube cells. These are internalized during the formation fo the nural tube but not included in the neural tube itself. They remain flanking it and will generate the PNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blastopore-like structure which marks the site of invagination of future mesoderm cells.
The neural tube forms from ecotodermal cells above the primitive streak |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ectodermal cells of the neural plate that are internalized. They form the CNS... and has three zones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In frogs, it is the region where invagination begins. Transplantation of it causes a tadpole with two nervous structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protein expressed in the cells of the dorsal lip of the blastopore and responsible for neural induction. (Inhibits Bone morphogenic protein which itself promtoe sepidermal tissue) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ectodermal region in drosophila from which neuroblasts are generated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another protein expressed int he dorsal lip that can induce neural development (also works by inhibiting BMP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blastocyst cavity... where a blastocyst is a blastula that has implanted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reproductive hormone that also induces neural development by inhibiting BMP and also inhibiting activin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activin sends signal via its receptor to induce epidermal tissue. Its inactivation gives rise to neural tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blastula that has implanted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BMP... Protein that induces epidermal tissue... its inhibition by chordin, noggin, follistatin induces neural tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clusters of cells in the neurogenic region of drosophila. In these clusters, one cell will become a neuroblast in process of delamination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proneural gene that forms part of the delamination process. In proneural clusters, it is activated which promotes other proneural genes in that cell but also actiates the notch-delta pathway in other neighboring cells so their proneural genes are silenced. Only once cell in the cluster will become a neuroblast. |
|
|
Term
| Notch-Delta/Lateral Inhibition |
|
Definition
| Process taking part in the delamination process. Delta surface proteins activate the notch receptors in neighboring cells which causes a silencing/supression of proneural genes in those cells... a cell laterally inhibits the proneural genes in neighboring cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genes for transcription factors that are located in the chromosome in topographic organization of where active. These transcription factors are crucial for proper segmentation of the nervous system |
|
|
Term
Segmentation of the neural tube...
|
|
Definition
Crucially influenced by Hox genes
???? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derivative of vitamin A that can cause birth defects... is though to be involved in Hox regulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shh is a protein produced by the notochord that induces a ventralization of the neural tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dorsal/ventral (respectively) regions of the neural tube that partake in dorsalization/ventralization of other structures in the neural tube/wiring. |
|
|
