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| beleived in a ladder of organization of organisms, all organisms are made perfect by god |
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| Catastrophism, the ones that are dead didn't make it |
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| Earths geologic features were the result of gradual processes still operation |
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| The earth is changing and still is |
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| proposed a mechanism of evolution through use and disuse |
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| Problems with Lamarcks theory |
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| use and misuse may/ may not change an organism but the offspring does not aquire those characteristics (it is not inherited) |
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| wrote an essay on the struggle for animals to reproduce (many die young) helped darwin indirectly with his research |
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Extinct related to living
Species varied by location
Isolated species resembled forms of the mainland |
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| Descent with Modification |
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| Term used by Darwin, refers to that all organisms are related through descent from ancestors that lived in the remote past |
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| Human modification of other species by selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits |
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| 2 inferences from Darwins observations |
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Definition
members of population will vary in traits
differential survival and reproduction, some survive and some don't |
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Term
| Natural Selection and Adaptation |
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Definition
individuals whos traits allow them to survive better leave more offspring
unequal ability of survival + reproduction will lead to accumulation of favorable traits in environment |
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| Summary of Darwins beliefs |
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Definition
Individuals with certain traits survive + reproduce higher
Natural selection increases the adaptation of organism to their environment over time
If their environment changes over time, natural selection may result in adaptation->new species |
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Term
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Definition
1. individuals do not evolve, populations do
2. Evolution can only act on heritable traits
3. A character adapted to 1 environment can't be suitable for another |
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| similarity because shared ancestry |
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the independent evolution of similar features in different things
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| how life is distributed throughout the world |
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