Term
4 Reasons when choosing the correct "vehicle" |
|
Definition
1. Solubility of active drug 2. Ability to hydrate s. corneum 3. Stability of drug IN vehicle 4. Ability to retard evaporation from skin |
|
|
Term
Vehicle containing alcohol with enhancing absorption through skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mostly water vehicle with vasocontriction decreasing inflammation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Completely water soluble and colloidal (attracts moisture) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Absorbent but can cause crusting or aspiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Adhesive containing powder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mix this with serous discharges; also washable |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
DO NOT mix with serous discharges; used for fat-soluble substances |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Improves penetration of drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mix this with water and exudate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Occlusive dressing that enhances hydration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis |
|
Definition
Reduce contact w/ irritants, Reduce exposure to allergens, Emollients, Topical Steroids, Antihistamines, Abs, Steroid sparing, Herbs |
|
|
Term
Things to Avoid in Atopic Dermatitis |
|
Definition
1. Overheating 2. Direct skin contact w/ rough fibers 3. Dusty Conditions 4. Cosmetics 5. Soap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True/False: Special diets can help reduce atopic dermatitis. |
|
Definition
False. There is little evidence that food is the major culprit. |
|
|
Term
Emollient ____ the skin and ____ itching. When should they be applied? |
|
Definition
Soften; Reduce. Apply AFTER BATHING when skin is unusually dry. |
|
|
Term
Most, Moderate, and Least effective Emollients |
|
Definition
Best: Oils (Petroleum Jelly) Moderate: Creams Least: Lotion |
|
|
Term
Inexpensive emollients contain what? |
|
Definition
Vegetable shortening and petroleum jelly |
|
|
Term
Alpha-hydroxy Acid Emollients: 1. Excellent for what? 2. Side effects? 3. MOA? 4. What are they prepared with? |
|
Definition
1. Relieving dryness and maintenance when no longer inflamed 2. Can sting, aggravate eczema 3. Forces epidermal cells to produce keratin that is softer, less cracking 4. Contains glycolic acid, lactic acid, and/or urea |
|
|
Term
Oil Emollients: Which reduces itching? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Corticosteroid Indications: 1. Ointment 2. Cream 3. Lotion |
|
Definition
1. Dry/Lichenified Skin 2. Weeping skin/body folds 3. Hair Areas |
|
|
Term
_____ frequently secondary with a bacteria. Use this in recalcitrant or widespread cases. |
|
Definition
Atopic Eczema; ORAL antibiotics like cephalexin or dicloxacilin |
|
|
Term
Oral antihistamines can reduce ___ & ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Alternative meds for some patients with eczema |
|
Definition
Licorice Calendula Echinacea Golden Seal Nettle Oats |
|
|
Term
Causative agent of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
Cutaneous Candidiasis infection |
|
|
Term
Signs/Sx of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
Pruritus/Pain Edema Satellite lesions |
|
|
Term
Tx/Management of Diaper Dermatitis |
|
Definition
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL including nystatin, miconazole, clotrimatzole **Possibly corticosteroids but NOT IF FUNGAL |
|
|
Term
Corticosteroid Alternatives & Indications |
|
Definition
Pimecromlimus, Tacrolimus - inhibit inflammatory cytokine release with minimal systemic immunosuppression; indicated for atopic or contact dermatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Immunomodulator for external genital and perianal warts as well as actinic keratitis; stimulates peripheral mononuclear cells to release interferon alpha and produce IL and TNF alpha |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Topical Antivirals - Acyclovir and Pencyclovir |
|
|
Term
Pediculosis Vectors of other Diseases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pediculosis Capitis Sx/Tx |
|
Definition
Sx - sides, back of scalp; visible white flecks (nits), matting/crusing of scalp; foul odor Tx - Pediculicides; hand pick and seal items in plastic bags x14d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
On body; check clothing and asses on trunk, abdomen, extremities |
|
|
Term
Pediculosis Pubis - Contracted from & other infection sites |
|
Definition
Sex, Bed linens -Can infect axilla, eyelashes, chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lindane (not in CA), Permethrin -Hepato and neurotoxic |
|
|
Term
Scabies Sign/Sx, Location |
|
Definition
1. Epidermal curved/linear edges 2. Follicular papules 3. Pruritus Palms (intense at night) -Hypersensitivity rxn with pustules, crusted lesions found on elbows, ax folds, lower ab, butt, thighs, fingers, genitals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Topical sulfur preps -CROTAMITON -PERMETHRIN 5% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Comedones from keratin plugs in sebaceous duct opening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Keratolytics - benzoyl peroxide and selenium sulfide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Retinoic Acid Derivatives - tretinoin (topical) and isotretinoin (oral) - High side effects related to birth control Abs - Topical - erythro, clindamycin, azelaic acid; Oral - Tetracycline, erythro |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Azelaic Acid Metronidazole |
|
|
Term
Psoriasis is a _____ disorder involving inflammatory infiltrate in the ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Autoimmune or CV diseases Metabolic Syndrome Malignancies Mood Disorders Smoking, alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Topical: Keratolytics (coal tar, salicylic acid), Corticosteroids Phototherapy |
|
|
Term
Mild Psoriatic Arthritis Tx |
|
Definition
NSAIDs, Intra-articular corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
Moderate to Severe Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis Tx |
|
Definition
DMARDs - Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, Antimalarials Systemic Corticosteroids Biologics - Infliximab, Hydroxyurea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. >18yo 2. Mod->Severe Psor. Arthritis 3. Failed other therapies 4. Inadequate control w/ DMARD alone 5. 1+ Comorbidity 6. No active infxn/normal liver fxn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hydrocortisone Triamcinolone Desonide Mometasone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Monoxidil (vasodilation - effects not permanent) Finasteride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clotrimazole Miconazole Terbinafine Ketoconazole (also shampoo) Nystatin Tolnaftate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ketoconazole Itraconazole Terbinafine - LFT test required Griseofulvin - only oral |
|
|