Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Derm
Exam 1
51
Pharmacology
Graduate
06/03/2013

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
4 Reasons when choosing the correct "vehicle"
Definition
1. Solubility of active drug
2. Ability to hydrate s. corneum
3. Stability of drug IN vehicle
4. Ability to retard evaporation from skin
Term
Vehicle containing alcohol with enhancing absorption through skin
Definition
Gel
Term
Mostly water vehicle with vasocontriction decreasing inflammation
Definition
Lotion
Term
Completely water soluble and colloidal (attracts moisture)
Definition
Baths
Term
Absorbent but can cause crusting or aspiration
Definition
Powders
Term
Adhesive containing powder
Definition
Paste
Term
Mix this with serous discharges; also washable
Definition
Oil in water cream
Term
DO NOT mix with serous discharges; used for fat-soluble substances
Definition
Water in oil cream
Term
Improves penetration of drug
Definition
Water-soluble ointment
Term
Mix this with water and exudate
Definition
Emulsifying ointment
Term
Occlusive dressing that enhances hydration
Definition
Non-emulsifying ointment
Term
Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis
Definition
Reduce contact w/ irritants, Reduce exposure to allergens, Emollients, Topical Steroids, Antihistamines, Abs, Steroid sparing, Herbs
Term
Things to Avoid in Atopic Dermatitis
Definition
1. Overheating
2. Direct skin contact w/ rough fibers
3. Dusty Conditions
4. Cosmetics
5. Soap
Term
Soap Substitutes
Definition
CETAPHIL
Term
True/False: Special diets can help reduce atopic dermatitis.
Definition
False. There is little evidence that food is the major culprit.
Term
Emollient ____ the skin and ____ itching. When should they be applied?
Definition
Soften; Reduce. Apply AFTER BATHING when skin is unusually dry.
Term
Most, Moderate, and Least effective Emollients
Definition
Best: Oils (Petroleum Jelly)
Moderate: Creams
Least: Lotion
Term
Inexpensive emollients contain what?
Definition
Vegetable shortening and petroleum jelly
Term
Alpha-hydroxy Acid Emollients:
1. Excellent for what?
2. Side effects?
3. MOA?
4. What are they prepared with?
Definition
1. Relieving dryness and maintenance when no longer inflamed
2. Can sting, aggravate eczema
3. Forces epidermal cells to produce keratin that is softer, less cracking
4. Contains glycolic acid, lactic acid, and/or urea
Term
Oil Emollients:
Which reduces itching?
Definition
Oatmeal (Aveeno)
Term
Corticosteroid Indications:
1. Ointment
2. Cream
3. Lotion
Definition
1. Dry/Lichenified Skin
2. Weeping skin/body folds
3. Hair Areas
Term
_____ frequently secondary with a bacteria. Use this in recalcitrant or widespread cases.
Definition
Atopic Eczema; ORAL antibiotics like cephalexin or dicloxacilin
Term
Oral antihistamines can reduce ___ & ____.
Definition
Urticaria and itch
Term
Alternative meds for some patients with eczema
Definition
Licorice
Calendula
Echinacea
Golden Seal
Nettle
Oats
Term
Causative agent of Diaper Dermatitis
Definition
Cutaneous Candidiasis infection
Term
Signs/Sx of Diaper Dermatitis
Definition
Pruritus/Pain
Edema
Satellite lesions
Term
Tx/Management of Diaper Dermatitis
Definition
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL including nystatin, miconazole, clotrimatzole
**Possibly corticosteroids but NOT IF FUNGAL
Term
Corticosteroid Alternatives & Indications
Definition
Pimecromlimus, Tacrolimus - inhibit inflammatory cytokine release with minimal systemic immunosuppression; indicated for atopic or contact dermatitis
Term
Imiquimod - Tx/MOA
Definition
Immunomodulator for external genital and perianal warts as well as actinic keratitis; stimulates peripheral mononuclear cells to release interferon alpha and produce IL and TNF alpha
Term
Tx of Herpes
Definition
Topical Antivirals - Acyclovir and Pencyclovir
Term
Pediculosis Vectors of other Diseases
Definition
Typhus, Recurrent Fever
Term
Pediculosis Capitis Sx/Tx
Definition
Sx - sides, back of scalp; visible white flecks (nits), matting/crusing of scalp; foul odor
Tx - Pediculicides; hand pick and seal items in plastic bags x14d
Term
Pediculosis Corporis
Definition
On body; check clothing and asses on trunk, abdomen, extremities
Term
Pediculosis Pubis - Contracted from & other infection sites
Definition
Sex, Bed linens
-Can infect axilla, eyelashes, chest
Term
Pediculocides - ADEs
Definition
Lindane (not in CA), Permethrin
-Hepato and neurotoxic
Term
Scabies Sign/Sx, Location
Definition
1. Epidermal curved/linear edges
2. Follicular papules
3. Pruritus Palms (intense at night)
-Hypersensitivity rxn with pustules, crusted lesions found on elbows, ax folds, lower ab, butt, thighs, fingers, genitals
Term
Scabies Tx
Definition
-Topical sulfur preps
-CROTAMITON
-PERMETHRIN 5%
Term
Most Common Acne Variant
Definition
Comedones from keratin plugs in sebaceous duct opening
Term
Acne First Line Tx
Definition
Keratolytics - benzoyl peroxide and selenium sulfide
Term
Other Acne Tx Options
Definition
Retinoic Acid Derivatives - tretinoin (topical) and isotretinoin (oral) - High side effects related to birth control
Abs - Topical - erythro, clindamycin, azelaic acid; Oral - Tetracycline, erythro
Term
Tx for Rosacea
Definition
Azelaic Acid
Metronidazole
Term
Psoriasis is a _____ disorder involving inflammatory infiltrate in the ____.
Definition
Hyperproliferative
Dermis
Term
Psoriasis Comorbidities
Definition
Autoimmune or CV diseases
Metabolic Syndrome
Malignancies
Mood Disorders
Smoking, alcohol
Term
Psoriasis Tx - Mild
Definition
Topical: Keratolytics (coal tar, salicylic acid), Corticosteroids
Phototherapy
Term
Mild Psoriatic Arthritis Tx
Definition
NSAIDs, Intra-articular corticosteroids
Term
Moderate to Severe Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis Tx
Definition
DMARDs - Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, Antimalarials
Systemic Corticosteroids
Biologics - Infliximab, Hydroxyurea
Term
Biologic DMARD Criteria
Definition
1. >18yo
2. Mod->Severe Psor. Arthritis
3. Failed other therapies
4. Inadequate control w/ DMARD alone
5. 1+ Comorbidity
6. No active infxn/normal liver fxn
Term
Glucocorticoids
Definition
Hydrocortisone
Triamcinolone
Desonide
Mometasone
Term
Hair Loss Drugs
Definition
Monoxidil (vasodilation - effects not permanent)
Finasteride
Term
Topical Fungals
Definition
Clotrimazole
Miconazole
Terbinafine
Ketoconazole (also shampoo)
Nystatin
Tolnaftate
Term
Systemic Fungals
Definition
Ketoconazole
Itraconazole
Terbinafine - LFT test required
Griseofulvin - only oral
Supporting users have an ad free experience!