Term
HEAD FORWARD POSTURE and Upper Crossed Syndrome
1) Increased thoracic ___________ Rounded shoulders
2) __________ of the lower cervical spine
3) __________ of upper cervical spine
4) Muscle imbalance – ________________ type II muscles vs _____________ type I muscles
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Definition
1) Increased thoracic kyphosis Rounded shoulders
2) Flexion of the lower cervical spine
3) Extension of upper cervical spine
4) Muscle imbalance – tight/facilitated type II muscles vs weak/inhibited type I muscles
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Term
PRONATION of the subtalar joint and LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME
1) Reduced __________ (which may be the cause of of the pronation)
2) Lower extremity ____________ rotation
3) Mechanical stress at the knee (genu _______), hip and lumbar spine
4) Muscle imbalance - _______________ type II muscles vs _____________ type I muscles – KEY muscle (often) – GLUTEUS medius _____________
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Definition
1) Reduced dorsiflexion (which may be the cause of of the pronation)
2) Lower extremity internal rotation
3) Mechanical stress at the knee (genu valgus), hip and lumbar spine
4) Muscle imbalance - tight/facilitated type II muscles vs weak/inhibited type I muscles – KEY muscle (often) – GLUTEUS medius weakness |
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Term
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Definition
tonic muscles for long work
primarily postural muscles |
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Term
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Definition
phasic muscles
quick and fatigue |
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Term
| explain the upper-crossed syndrome in forward head carriage |
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Definition
draw an X on the upper torso. Everything along one line of the X will be tight while eveything along the otherline is weak.
The first line is from chest to upper neck and is everything that's TIGHT:
pecs
upper trapezius
levator scapulae
SCM
The second line is from chin to lower rear thoracic and is everything that's WEAK:
neck flexors
middle and upper trap
rhomboids
serratus anterior |
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Term
explain the lower-crossed syndrome in pronation of subtalar joint
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Definition
draw an X on the greater trochanter. Everything along one line of the X will be tight while eveything along the otherline is weak.
The first line is from iliopsoas to erector spinae and is everything that's TIGHT:
iliopsoas
erector spinae
hamstrings
thigh ADductors
quadratus lumborum
The second line is from the gluts to abdomen and is everything that's WEAK:
gluteals
the abdomen
vastus lateralis, medius
obliques
tibialis posterior and anterior
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Term
| true factors causing short leg syndome? |
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Definition
-sacral base unleveling
-innominate rotation (compensatory)
-caudal curve side-bending away from side of low-sacral base, most often |
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Term
| what must someone do before sending a patient for any radiologic study of the hips and sacrum? |
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Definition
| treat all somatic dysfunctions first |
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Term
| how is the side-bending of the spine related to dysfunction of the ankle |
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Definition
| the side that the concavity is pointed towards is the longer leg. this ankle will be pronated and the leg will be internally rotated |
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Term
| when evaluating leg length discrepancy.... |
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Definition
first rule out a true discrepancy by measuring from fixed point to fixed point (ASIS ->)
next check for apparent discrepancy by assessing non-fixed points (look for pelvic torsion) |
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Term
| standard therapy for short leg syndrome |
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Definition
| after OMT, a heel lift is created |
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Term
| The formula for determining maximum lift therapy: |
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Definition
L < [SBU] / [D+C]
§Duration (D)
–1 = 0-10 years
–2 = 10-30 years
–3 = 30+ years
§Compensation (C)
–0 = none observed
–1 = sidebending and rotation
–2 = wedging, facet size changes, endplates with horizontal growths, spurring
§Sacral Base Unleveling (SBU)
§Lift Required (L) |
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Term
| maximum lift inside and outside a shoe |
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Definition
nMaximum lift inside a shoe is ¼ inch.
nMaximum of ½ inch between patient’s heel and the floor. Variable placement of lift materials is possible. |
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