Term
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Definition
| What Chromosome determines the gender of a human. |
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Term
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Definition
| Of the two biological sex's which one develops slower, male or female? |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively speaking, how far behind is the male baby at birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which of the two genders is more likely to have a bad gene. |
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Term
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Definition
| 3/4th of the population that is over the age of eighty five is what gender? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which gender is biologically shown to be more aggressive as early as six months |
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Term
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Definition
| The term used in twinning to represent one fertilized egg and identical twins is? |
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Term
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Definition
| The term in twinning used to represent two fertilized eggs and produced fraternal twins is known as? |
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Term
| Germinal, conception to two weeks. |
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Definition
| What is the first stage of prenatal development? And how long does it last? |
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Term
| The fertilized egg is traveling down the tube and is planting itself in the lining of uterus. |
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Definition
| What is happening during the germinal stage of prenatal development? |
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Term
| Embryonic - 2 to 8 weeks. |
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Definition
| What is the second stage of prenatal development and what time span does it cover? |
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Term
| the first characteristics of this stage is "Rapid Growth." The organism grows about 2 million times its size during this period. |
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Definition
| What is the first characteristic of the embryonic stage of prenatal development. |
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Term
| Organs appear and begin to function. |
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Definition
| What is the second characteristic of the Embryonic stage of prenatal development. |
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Term
| Auxiliary structures start to form, namely the Amniotic sac/fluid , the placenta, and the umbilical cord. |
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Definition
| What is the third characteristic of the Embryonic stage of prenatal development |
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Term
| The amniotic sac is membrane type pouch which acts a shock absorber, as well as providing an optimal environment for development via the amniotic fluid. |
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Definition
| What is the function of the Amniotic sac/fluid. |
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Term
| The placenta is the interface between the mother and the child, Nutrients and waste products are filtered through here. It also provides a membrane by which certain substances will be blocked from harming the baby. |
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Definition
| What is the function of the placenta. |
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Term
| The umbilical connects the baby to the placenta. |
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Definition
| What is the function of the umbilical cord? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the third stage of prenatal development? |
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Term
| Quickening, 16-20 weeks into pregnancy |
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Definition
| What is the term for the event where the mother first feels the baby move/kick? And when does it happen? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the only proven method of learning that we have evidence for happening during the fetal stage. |
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Term
| Habituation is the process of learning to ignore irrelevant stimuli |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| About how many stimuli can we process at any given time? |
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Term
| George Miller in the 1950's |
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Definition
| Who the scientist to first note the "magical number" of 7+/-2? |
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Term
| It proved habituation was taking place during the fetal stage. The baby would eventually stop reacting to the loud noise that he played. |
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Definition
| The study by "Sontag" proved what? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The study of birth defects |
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Definition
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Term
| Trisomy 21, or three chromosomes at position 21 |
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Definition
| Downs syndrome is also known as? |
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Term
| Lack of oxygen during the labor process. |
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Definition
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Term
| Labor pains or contractions. Short labors can be harmful because low oxygen is getting to the baby. |
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Definition
| When is oxygen replenished during labor? |
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Term
| Otto Rank in 1929, he tried to make a claim that all Neurosis is due to birth trauma |
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Definition
| Who first suggested the idea of "Birth trauma?" |
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Term
| The series of "traumatic" events that happen to a baby shortly after birth, bright lights, loud noises, shots, medical tests etc etc. |
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Definition
| Birth trauma can best be defined as? |
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Term
| Birth without violence in 1975. He was trying to make a case that way we do birthing procedures in American hospitals is harmful to the growth of the baby. |
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Definition
| Frederick LeBoyer - wrote a book called? |
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Term
| False, there exists no scientific evidence to suggest that limiting "birth trauma" has any long term positive effects on the baby. |
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Definition
| True or False, Birth trauma has been scientifically proven to be a leading cause of later problems in the baby. |
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Term
| The continuum of alertness ranging from deep sleep to vigorous activity. Measure of how active the child is |
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Definition
| "Infant states" can be best defined as? |
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Term
| It is one of the best classifications we have for newborn behavior, also, it's a very important tool for assessment. |
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Definition
| What is the importance of studying "infant states?" |
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Term
| Sleeping, Waking, Crying. |
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Definition
| The three states of infant activity are? |
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Term
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Definition
| The wolff states of sleeping are? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which wolf state of sleeping has the lowest level of activity |
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Term
| Gentle limb movement, facial expressions, vital signs still slow and regular rem sleep occurs here |
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Definition
| What are some of the characteristics of the wolff state of "light sleep" |
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Term
| 16 hours, around 10/11/12 the number hours spent sleeping will decrease to 8 |
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Definition
| At birth the child will sleep for how long? When does this number decrease and to how many hours does it decrease too? |
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Term
| The human brain needs a certain amount of activity everyday to function and grow normally. |
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Definition
| What is Auto Stimulation Theory. |
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Term
| Drowsiness, alert inactivity |
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Definition
| What are the wolff states of the Waking state of infant activity? |
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Term
| It is the optimal state of learning for an infant. |
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Definition
| Why is alert inactivity such an important state ? |
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Term
| A soothing state can be defined as anything that lowers infant state. Or, anything that returns the infant to the state of alert inactivity |
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Definition
| What is a soothing technique? |
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Term
| Typically parents will avoid soothing children because they wont certain spoiled like behaviors to happen, but you shouldn't worry about spoiling for the first year, after that , you should be careful. |
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Definition
| Should children be soothed? |
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Term
| Basic Cry, mad or angry cry, pain cry. |
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Definition
| What are the three types of crys discussed in this class |
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Term
| Cry, rest, breath, rest. Soft and irregular, it builds as the child continues. Is used when baby is hungry. |
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Definition
| What are the characteristics of the basic cry? |
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Term
| Cry, rest, breath, rest however, the cry doesn't build up, it's consistent throughout. |
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Definition
| What are the characteristics of the mad or angry cry. |
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Term
| Long continuous cry, follwed by silence with breath holding, finally gasping for breath. |
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Definition
| What are the characteristics of the pain cry? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the science of systematic change in onto genetic behavior that occurs between life and death |
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Term
| a developmental change within the individual |
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Definition
| How can one define Ontogenetics? |
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Term
| None, age is a carrier variable. |
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Definition
| How many behaviors are directly caused by age? |
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Term
| Mothers breast fills up with milk. |
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Definition
| What is the Physiological reaction to a baby crying? |
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Term
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Definition
| At what point can a mother differentiate between a babies cry and their own babies cry? |
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Term
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Definition
| Do men show the same sensitivity to a baby crying? |
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Term
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Definition
| How long does Infancy last? |
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Term
| The new born is completely helplessness. |
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Definition
| What is the primary characteristic of Infancy? |
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Term
| Helplessness and not helplessness. |
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Definition
| What are the only two naturally occurring stages of development? |
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Term
| No, and it has to do with their inability to retain language and imagery |
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Definition
| Can infants think? Why or why not? |
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Term
S---R---S
Stimulus - response - consequence to stimulus. |
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Definition
| What is skinners model of learning? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is another name for skinners model of learning? |
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Term
| Any stimulus consequence that increases the frequency of the stimulus response. |
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Definition
| How is reinforcement best defined? |
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Term
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Definition
| The scientist that did work in the area of "Observational learning" is? |
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Term
| what the new born can take in through its senses |
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Definition
| A good definition for "Perceptual-motor development?" |
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Term
| Smell, taste, audition, vision |
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Definition
| What are the four areas of perceptual development? |
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Term
| Hours after birth, about one week. |
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Definition
| How early can infants react to smell? When do they recognize the smell of mothers breast milk? |
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Term
| Children can hear quite well at about 3 months prior to birth. |
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Definition
| Children can hear quite well at what age? |
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Term
| 200-1000 cps, they prefer the high ranges. |
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Definition
| The range at which children can hear is ? |
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Term
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Definition
| Parentese is another word for? |
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Term
| Spatial orientation is the ability to tell where sounds are coming from. |
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Definition
| What is spatial orientation? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the most important motor sense? |
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Term
| How well can children see? |
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Definition
| A good way to define acuity is? |
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Term
| 20/200-20/800. About 6 to 12 months |
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Definition
| At births a newborns vision ration is? When does acuity come into the normal ranges? |
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Term
| the ability to accommodate objects at different distances. |
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Definition
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Term
| Distance is locked at ~ 19cm, significant because it's approximately the distance between breast and face. |
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Definition
| At what distance is newborn focus locked in? What is significant about this number? |
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Term
| The ability to detect a change in height. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The scientist who did classic work with depth? |
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