Term
| Forms of direct examination: |
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Definition
1. light microscopy: gram stain and acid fast stain
2. dark-field microscopy--consenser focuses light diagonally on the specimen
3. fluorescence microscopy |
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Term
| The immunoglobulins with diagnostic importance are: |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnostic immunoserology tests are based on: |
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Definition
| recognition of Ag.s (bacterial or viral components or products or Ab.s (response to Ag.s) |
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Term
| Slide and tube agglutination test: |
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Definition
| cells are agglutinated directly by Ab |
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Term
| Latex agglutination test: (LA) |
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Definition
| either Ag or IgG Ab. is nonspecifically absorbed to the surface of latex polysterene beads--will agglutinate with specific bacterial antigens if added |
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Term
| Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) test: |
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Definition
| i.e. ELISA---add patient's serum to a known antigen, then add enzyme linked antibody. Once enzyme's substrate is added, bound enzyme plus substrate results in a color change indicating the presence of an antigen |
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Term
| Immunofluorescence microscopy: |
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Definition
Antigen-antibody reaction is made visible with a fluorescent dye using UV light.
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Term
| Direct immunofluorescent microscopy: |
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Definition
| unknown specimen is stained on a slide with specific antibodies conjugated with dye. Used to detect microorganisms. |
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Term
| Indirect immunoflurescent microscopy: |
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Definition
used to detect antibodies to microorganisms.
*A dye tagged anti-human antibody is used.
*e.g. (known) bacterium + (unknown) Antibody +anti-Ab tagged with dye |
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Term
| True or False: Susceptibility test results do not always equate with patient response to therapy. |
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Definition
| True- response is related to a complex relationship of host response, drug dynamics, and microbial activity |
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Term
| Minimum inhibitory concentration: (MIC) |
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Definition
| highest dilution of an anti-microbial agent that is able to inhibit the growth of a test organism |
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Term
| Disk agar diffusion test (DAD; Kirby Bauer): |
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Definition
1. Bacterial inoculum applied to agar plate
2. paper disks to which anti-microbial agents have been added are placed on agar surface
3. plates are incubated and diameter of killed bacteria around antimicrobial agent determines how effective it is (it's MIC) |
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