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-testis descend from peritoneal cavity through inguinal canal -carry double layer of mesothelium with potential space between the tunica vaginalis -visceral and parietal layers of tunica vaginalis |
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Definition
- weight = 15-19g (right heavier) -scrotal layers: skin - dartos muscle - Colles' fascia, external spermatic fascia, parietal layer of tunica vaginalis -Scrotom = temperature control!!! |
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Definition
-"skeleton" is tough capsul with fiberous septae dividing testis into 250 lobules -caspusle-outer serosa (tunica vaginalis) -thick collagenous tunica albuginea -inner tunica vasculosa -each lobule has 1-4 seminiferous tubules with Sertoli and germ cells
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Definition
-small -nondividing -near basment membrane -nucleolus |
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Regulate: -spermatogenesis -Leydig cells Secrete -inhibin (regulates hormone production) |
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Definition
-maturation takes 70 days -continuous from puberty -basment membrane surrounded by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts |
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Definition
-Leydig cells woth Reinke crystalloids -Secrete testostrone -endocrine mechanism |
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Definition
3 Phases Phase 1 - proliferation (diploid) Phase 2 - Meiosis (haploid) Phase 3 - Maturation |
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Term
Spermatogenesis Phase 1 (diploid) |
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Definition
Spermatocytogenesis - cells divide (mitosis) -give rise to spermatocytes At puberty, spermatogonia divide multiple times -become either type A or B spermatogonia Type A = stem cells Type B = differentiate into primary spermatocytes the progenitor cells
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Term
Spermatogenesis Phase 2 (haploid) |
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Definition
Meiosis - 2 divisions with reduction of chromosomes by 50% with production of permatids Primary Spermatocytes = 2 meiotic division 1st division = haploid secondary spermatocytes 2nd division = spermatids |
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Term
Spermatogenesis Phase 3 (Maturation) |
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Definition
Spermiogenesis - phases od maturation to produce spermatozoa Haploid Spermatids mature with formation of: -acrosome -condensation/elongation of nucleus -development of flagellum -loss of much cytoplasm -get mature spermatozoa released into lumen of seminiferous tubule |
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Term
| Spermatogenesis - The Pathway |
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Definition
-Seminiferous tubules -rete testis at hilum -efferent ductules at head of epididymus (fluid resorp) -epididymus -vas deferens -meeting of vas deferens with seminal vesicle ducts to form paried ejaculatory duct -join into single duct which meets with and parallels urethra as it enters the prostate entering urethra at distal end |
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Definition
Sperm: -transport -maturation -acquisition motility -concentration -storage |
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Definition
-tall ciliated (sterocillia) columnar cells (principle cell) -darker narrower columnar cells -clear cells -basal cells -occasional lymphocytes -surrounded by smooth muscle |
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Definition
-meets with excretory ducts of seminal vesicles to form ejaculatory ducts -lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia -thick muscle wall for peristalsis (inner and outer longitudinal, middle circular) |
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Term
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Definition
-posterolateral to bladder base -complex folded epithelium with pseudostratified columnar cells with foamy cytoplasm, basal cells -muscular wall -secretions contain fructose and prostoglandins -> prostoglandins cause contractions -85% of seminal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
-paired ducts arising from convergence of vas and excretory ducts of seminal vesicles -converge into one -enter prostate -parallel and posterior to prostatic urethra -enters prostatic urethra distally at verumontanum |
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Term
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Definition
-fibromuscular stroma with glands -glands with 2 layers of epithelium -> inner secretory -> outer flattened basal -secretions contain hydrolytic enzymes -liquify coagulated semen in female genital tract
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Term
| Prostate Contains 3 Zones |
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Definition
Transitional Zone (5%) -surrounds prostatic urethra ->smallest Central Zone (20%) -surrounding ejaculatory ducts Peripheral Zone (70%) -outer portion prostate cancer area (largest) -branching tubuloacinar glands in a fibromuscular stroma surrounded by a capsule
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Term
| Bulbourethral (Cowper's) Glands |
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Definition
-contribute a little to seminal fluid -paired ducts enter urethra -mucus secreting cuboidal cells |
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Definition
-glans, balano-preputial sulcus, shaft, foreskin -corpus spongiosum-ventral, erectile, contains urethra -paired corpora carernosa-net of vascular spaces |
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Term
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Definition
-Glans: startified squamous, nonkeratinized in uncircumsized keratinized in circumsized -Corpus Spongiosum venus sinuses -Corpus Cavernosum vascular spaces |
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Term
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Definition
Tunica Albuginea - condensed fibroelastic tissue surrounding corpora Shaft - keratinized squamous Lots of smooth muscle Urethra - stratified ciliated columnar |
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Term
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Definition
-seminiferous tubules -rete testis -efferent ductules at head of epididymus -epididymus -vas deferens -vas meets with seminal vesicle ducts -ejaculatory duct -SUPRISE explosion |
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