Term
| How do bacteria grow/divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Growth Curve? |
|
Definition
| depiction of population changes in a bacteria culture |
|
|
Term
| Phases of a Growth Curve: |
|
Definition
1. lag phase - physiological adjustment
2. logarithmic phase - exponential growth with decrease in cell size
3. stationary phase - number of newly produced bacteria equals the number that die
4. decline phase - # dying > # produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average time needed to double the bacterial population. (it is a rough guesstimation of the clinical course of a disease) - determined during logarithmic phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growth factors that serve as energy sources- are oxidized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| growth factors that are reduced and are used during respiration and fermentation. |
|
|
Term
| How do most bacteria obtain energy |
|
Definition
| oxidation of chemical compounds |
|
|
Term
| True or False: All bacteria require a carbon source. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the sole source of carbon for the autotroph? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do heterotrophs get carbon? |
|
Definition
| carbon dioxide plus an organic form. |
|
|
Term
| Bacteria need a nitrogen source for: |
|
Definition
| amino acids, purines, pyrimidines etc. |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Not all bacteria require inorganic salts for growth. |
|
Definition
| FALSE- examples are nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper. |
|
|
Term
| Growth conditions of Obligate Anaerobes: |
|
Definition
| grow only under conditions of high reducing intensity. lack enzymes like catalase to process toxic oxygen products like hydrogen peroxide and O2-. Metabolism involves fermentation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaks down "toxic" byproducts of aerobic respiration like hydrogen peroxide and O2-. Prevents aerobes from killing themselves. |
|
|
Term
| Growth conditions for Aerotolerant Anaerobe: |
|
Definition
| will grow in presence of O2 but does not use an electron acceptor. |
|
|
Term
| Growth conditions for facultative anaerobe: |
|
Definition
| Capable of growing under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. will employ aerobic respiration when O2 present. |
|
|
Term
| Growth conditions for Obligate Aerobe: |
|
Definition
| Requires oxygen for growth. Metabolism is aerobic respiration. |
|
|
Term
| Growth conditions for microaerophile: |
|
Definition
| grows best at low O2 tensions. probably possesses enzymes that are inactivated under strongly oxidizing conditions. |
|
|
Term
| Growth requirements for psychrophiles: |
|
Definition
| optimum growing temperature is -5 to 5 degrees celsius |
|
|
Term
| Growth requirements for mesophiles: |
|
Definition
| Grow best in temperatures of 30-40 degrees celsius. these are found in humans. |
|
|
Term
| Growth requirements for thermophiles: |
|
Definition
| grow best at temperatures of 65-75 degrees celsius. |
|
|
Term
| Optimum pH for most pathogenic bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nutrient transport happens by which mechanisms: |
|
Definition
| passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. |
|
|
