Term
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Definition
Demodex canis (class mite)
D. injai (long bodied mite)
D. corneii (short bodied mite) |
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Term
|
Definition
normal flora of canine hair follicle
non-contagious
disease only occurs when mites are able to proliferate out of control
due to dysfunction of T-lymphocytes, hereditary, immune suppression |
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Term
|
Definition
less than 18 months
single to multiple erythematous patches of alopecia
face and forelegs
less than 6 lesions |
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Term
|
Definition
| more than 12 lesions or involvement of an entire body region or of 2 or more feet |
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Term
|
Definition
bacterial folliculitis leads to furunculosis leading to deep pyoderma
this can lead to cellulitis, sepsis, and death |
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Term
|
Definition
very painful
often resistant to therapy |
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Term
|
Definition
most cases started as juvenile but not diagnosed until much later
may have underlying immune suppression and may not be hereditary
have to distinguish between juvenile onset |
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Term
| Adult Onset Demodicosis Causes |
|
Definition
relapsed juvenile form
iatrogenic Cushing's
natural cushings
diabetes mellitus
hypothyroidism
lymphoma
neoplasia |
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Term
|
Definition
deep skin scraping at mulitiple sites
scrape until bleeding
trichography for areas difficult to scrape
labwork for underlying disease |
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Term
| Localized Demodicosis Treatment |
|
Definition
watchful neglect
benzoyl peroxide
spay/neuter
monitor with skin scrapings to ensure no progression |
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Term
| Generalized Demodicosis Treatment |
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Definition
insist on spay/neuter
can be extremely severe
some may never be cured
focus on pyodermas
antibiotics
weekly benzoyl peroxide shampoo
identification and resolution of underlying disease
avoid steroids in future
acaricidals |
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Term
|
Definition
only licensed product for canine demodicosis
clip medium to long haired patients
monitor closely for toxicity
small dogs are at risk
drug interactions potentiate toxicity |
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Term
|
Definition
high dose
titrate to target dose and screen for toxicity (mydriasis, hypersalivation, lethargy, ataxia, tremors, coma, death) |
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Term
|
Definition
effective alternative
can use in avermectin sensitive dogs |
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Term
| Reasons for Treatment Failure |
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Definition
inadequate pyoderma management
premature cessation of therapy
failure to identify underlying cause |
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Term
|
Definition
D. cati (follicular mite)
D. gaoit (surface mite) |
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Term
|
Definition
short bodied mite
found in stratum corneum
contagious |
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Term
|
Definition
distributed on head, neck, elbows
alopecia, scale, erythemia, excessive grooming |
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Term
|
Definition
stop glucocorticoid or progesterone
treat all in contact animals
lime sulfur dips |
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Term
|
Definition
localized follicular demodicosis
rare
eyelids, head, neck
responds to lime sulfur
often self-limiting |
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Term
|
Definition
manage pyoderma
lime sulfur
ivermectin |
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