Term
| Which types of muscles does ALS affect? |
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Definition
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Term
| ALS affects the motor neurons in the ----, -----, and ------ |
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Definition
Spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex |
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Term
| Describe the progression of ALS (What does it result in?------ and -----) |
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Definition
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Term
| Changes in ------- ------- does NOT occur due to ALS (though some (though some research says that ------ ------- may decline at the very late stages) |
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Definition
Mental status; intellectual capacity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Symptoms of ALS usually appear between --- and ---- years of age. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is at greater risk for ALS, men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
| Prior to diagnosis: the patient with ALS will usually report a history of these three symptoms |
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Definition
| Stiffness, weakness, and fatigue. |
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Term
| A patient is only able to tap his finger 50 times in one minute. What does this indicate? |
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Definition
| ALS. A person who does not have ALS will be able to tap their fingers at least 65 times per minute. |
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Term
| This test is done to check electrical impulses and is used to diagnose ALS: |
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Definition
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Term
| An electromyogram is done for an patient with ALS. What results would you expect? |
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Definition
| Normal sensory conduction and abnormal motor conduction. ALS does NOT impact sensory nerves. |
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Term
| This is the only test that confirms ALS? What will this test show? |
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Definition
| Biopsy will show rapid cell death. |
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Term
| After diagnosis, how long is it expected that a patient will live? |
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Definition
| 3-5 years. Some may live as many as 10 years. |
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Term
| Early symptoms of ALS include mild clumsiness, fatigue while talking due to ----- of the tongue and ----- of the face. |
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Definition
| Atrophy of the tongue; fasciculations (or twitching) of the face. |
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Term
| As ALS progresses, ---- paralysis is seen, resulting in ------- and ------, which puts the patient at great risk for aspiration. |
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Definition
| 14) Bulbar paralysis is seen, resulting in dysarthria and dysphasgia, which puts the patient at great risk for aspiration |
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Term
| This drug extends lifespan in patients with ALS. What is it called and how long does it extend their life? |
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Definition
| Rituzole is given to patients with ALS. It increases their lifespan by 3-6 months. Respiratory system: it decreases pulmonary function |
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Term
| A priority in preventing respiratory complications in the patient with ALS is to keep the patient ---------. |
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Definition
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Term
| This may be used while the patient with ALS sleeps to facilitate breathing |
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Definition
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Term
| The nurse should discuss the difficult topic of ----- -- ---- care to the patient and their families soon after diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| How quickly does MD progress? |
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Definition
| It may be quickly progressing or slowly progressing |
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Term
| What is the cause of MD? What is the role of genetics? |
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Definition
| The exact cause is unknown. Genetics plays a role in the major types of MD. |
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Term
| A child has frequent falls, drooping eyelid, delayed milestones. What might this suggest? |
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Definition
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Term
| This blood test is done to check muscle-wasting. Which disorder does this test for? |
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Definition
| CKP levels are testing in the patient to diagnose MD |
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Term
| What is a tell tale sign of MD which should be visible during physical exam, but might be difficult to see? |
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Definition
| Muscle-wasting is a tell-tale sign. May be hidden due to build up of fat and connective tissue over the muscle |
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Term
| This is the most common form of MD |
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Definition
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Term
| What protein is absent in the patient with MD? |
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Definition
| Dystrophin is absent, which is critical of muscle cell maintenance. |
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Term
| DMD is a muscle disorder that that ---- linked and -------. Which parent carries the gene without showing it and passes it on? Which child expresses it? |
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Definition
| X-linked. The mother carries it, passing it on to be expressed in the male children |
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Term
| A child is using his arms to push himself onto his legs. What is this called and what does it indicate? |
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Definition
| Grower’s maneuver indicates Duchennes’ Dystrophy. |
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Term
| What is the usual life-span of someone with DMD? |
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Definition
| 25 years old, though some people may live to be 30 years. |
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Term
| At what age are DMD symptoms first apparent |
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Definition
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Term
| This disease presents in involuntary, uncoordinated muscle movements. It is non-progressive. |
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Definition
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Term
| What seems to be the most important risk factor for Cerebral Palsy? |
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Definition
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Term
| A child is born at 8 months gestation. Which routine measurement will be recorded by the physicianfor a longer period of time than if the child had been term? For how long will this be recorded. |
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Definition
| Head circumference will be recorded for 3 years, instead of 2. |
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