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| type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone; ear, nose, joints; formed from mesenchyme tissue → chondrocytes → produce collagen, ground substance, & elastin fibers |
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Definition
mineralized connective tissue that is hard and elastic; compact and spongy
• Compact Bone – dense bone that does not appear to have cavities; bone matrix is deposited in osteons with a central microscopic channel called a Haversian canal surrounded by concentric circles of bony matrix called lamellae
• Spongy Bone – less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules; filled with red / yellow bone marrow; (yellow is full of adipose tissue) |
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| where bone growth occurs in long bones |
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| BUILD bone; mature into osteocytes |
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| destroy bone; bone resorption |
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| Endochondral Ossification |
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Definition
| – existing cartilage is replaced by bone; LONG bones |
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| skull, vertebral column, and rib cage |
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| bones of the appendages and pectoral and pelvic girdles |
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| – immovable joints; hold skull together |
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| point of attachment of stationary bone |
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| point of attachment of movable bone |
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Definition
| – is composed of thin filaments (actin) and thick filaments (myosin) |
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Term
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Definition
action potential conducted along sarcolemma and T system => into muscle fiber => sarcoplasmic reticulum release Ca+ ions => contraction of sacromere
• During contraction H & I bands reduce in size // A band does not
• Strength of contraction can be increased by recruiting more muscle fibers |
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Term
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Definition
response of a single muscle fiber to brief stimulus; latent, contraction, relax
• Latent period – time b/w stimulation and onset of contraction; lag
• Contraction
• Relaxation – absolute refractory period; unresponsive to stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| – continuous contractions; so frequent that the muscle cannot relax; stronger than twitch |
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| state of partial contraction |
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| voluntary movement; each fiber is multinucleated; striations of light/dark bands; mitochondria is very abundant |
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| involuntary movement; myogenic; ONE central nucleus; LACK striations; ex lining of bladder, uterus, digestive tract |
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Definition
| striated appearance (sacromeres); myogenic; one or TWO central nucleus |
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| capable of contracting without stimulation from nerve cells |
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