Term
|
Definition
135-147 meq/L (135-147mmol/L)
Most prevalent cation in extracellular fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3.5-5.2 meq/L (3.5-5.2mmol/L)
Main intracellular cation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
95-106 meq/L (95-106mmol/L)
Principal extracellular anion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
22-28 meq/L (22-28mmol/L)
Present in plasma as bicarbonate ions and some dissolved CO2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
70-100 mg/dL fasting (3.9-6.1mmol/L)
Prediabetes 100-140 mg/dL fasting |
|
|
Term
| BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) |
|
Definition
6-20 mg/dL (2.1-7.1mmol/L)
Marks renal function |
|
|
Term
| CREATININE (Serum Creatinine) |
|
Definition
| 0.6-1.3 mg/dL (50-115umol/L) Identifies renal dysfunction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 8.5-10.8 mg/dL (2.1-2.7mmol/L) 98-99% found in bones and teeth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1.5-2.6 mg/dL (0.75-1.2mmol/L) Important in contraction of muscle tissue/utilizing ATP |
|
|
Term
Creatine Kinase
Male vs Female |
|
Definition
Male:38-200 IU/L
Female: 26-150 |
|
|
Term
Creatine Kinase abbreviations
MM
BB
MB |
|
Definition
MM-muscle tissue
BB-brain tissue
MB-cardiac tissue |
|
|
Term
CK elevations are seen in
[image] |
|
Definition
Trauma
Seizures
MD
Stroke
Malignant Hyperthermia
Polymyositis |
|
|
Term
Creatine Kinase MB [CK-MB]
[image] |
|
Definition
rises begin 4-8 hrs of MI (myocardial infarction)
peaks 12-24 hrs
returns to normal = 2-3 days
<12 IU/L or <4% of total CK
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Troponin I = only in cardiac tissue
[<1.5ng/mL.....varies w/ assay]
Troponin T = in Cardiac and skeletal muscle
[<0.2ng/mL] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-rise in levels begins 4 hrs after onset
-levels drawn on admit n 8-12 hours after
-elevation = inc risk of CV event
-Elevation can last for days after event
-even w/ normal CK-MB, troponin might be elevated{pointing to subtler form of MI or angina}
|
|
|
Term
Lactate Dehydrogenase
[image] |
|
Definition
100-200 U/L
LDH 1 & 2=cardiac
LDH 3 = lung
LDH 4 & 5 = liver |
|
|
Term
| Lactate Dehydrogenase Significance |
|
Definition
Normal Ratio LDH1:LDH2<1
Abnormal: LDH1:LDH2>1
[indicates MI] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AFib= irregular rhythm from atrium of heart
[extra firing sametime as ventricles contracting]
Atrial Flutter = atria beats too fast
|
|
|
Term
Ventricular Fibrillation {disorganized spasm}
[image] |
|
Definition
most serious cardiac rhythm disturbance
life threatening
[some people might have this and be normal] |
|
|
Term
Ventricular Tachycardia
[image] |
|
Definition
| fast heart rhythm that starts in ventricles |
|
|
Term
Normal sinus rhythm
[image] |
|
Definition
60 to 100 BPM each QRS is preceded by a normal p wave
[image] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
<120/<80 = normal
LOW = <90/<60
prehyp =120-139/80-89
Hypert 1= 140-159/90-99
Hypert 2= >160/>100 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Na Cl BUN
GLUCOSE
K CO2 SCr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Normal 3-11mEq/L
Inc in anion gap suggests an increase of weak acids in plasma
elevated in lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, salicylate or methanol toxicity.
(metabolic acidosis marker) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Normal=800-2000ml/24hr
oliguria=<400ml/24hr
anuria <50ml/24hr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SG(specific gravity) = 1.002-1.03
pH=4.5-8(ave 6)
Protein (normal<100mg/dL)=continued >150 mg/dL may be renal disease
Nitrites,Leucocyte esterase(WBC)
squamous cells is bad collection
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