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Cumulative Test I
n/a
50
Physics
Undergraduate 3
09/17/2008

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Term
Tera
Definition
10^12
Term
giga
Definition
10^9
Term
mega
Definition
10^6
Term
kilo
Definition
10^3
Term
hecto
Definition
10^2
Term
deca
Definition
10^1
Term
pico
Definition
10^-12
Term
nano
Definition
10^-9
Term
micro
Definition
10^-6
Term
milli
Definition
10^-3
Term
centi
Definition
10^-2
Term
deci
Definition
10^-1
Term
define compressions
Definition
areas where sound is dense
Term
define rarefactions
Definition
areas where sound is less dense
Term
what is the number of Hz of infrasound
Definition
<20Hz
Term
what is the number of Hz for audible sound
Definition
10Hz-20,000 Hz
Term
what is the number of Hz for ultrasound
Definition
20,000Hz-1,000,000Hz
Term
what are the Hz of diagnostic medical ultrasound
Definition
1,000,000Hz-30,000,000Hz
Term
what is the average speed of sound in soft tissue
Definition
1540 m/s
Term
what is the equation to find decibels
Definition
dB=10log(I/I0)
Term
What is the unit of mass/weight
Definition
kg
Term
what is the unit of length
Definition
m
Term
what is the unit of area
Definition
m^2
Term
what is the unit for volume
Definition
m^3
Term
what unit is energy measured in
Definition
joules
Term
what is power and what unit is it measured in?
Definition
rate of energy transport, joules/second
Term
How is intensity measured
Definition
Watt/Cm^2
Term
What is the formula to find decibels?
Definition
dB=10log(I/I0)
Term
since ultrasound has no reference intensity, what replaces the reference intensity
Definition
transmitted
Term
Every time the intensity _____ the decibels go up by _____.
Definition
doubles, 3
Term
What is the velocity of a wave in soft tissues?
Definition
1540 m/s
Term
What is the relationship of velocity to frequency and wavelength?
Definition
velocity is equal to the frequency multiplied by the wavelength
Term
What is the relationship of frequency to period?
Definition
frequency is equal to 1/period and vice versa
Term
In what unit is Hertz measured and what is it a measure of?
Definition
the per second and frequency
Term
What units are used to measure period?
Definition
seconds
Term
define period
Definition
the time it takes to complete one cycle
Term
define frequency
Definition
the number of oscillations per second
Term
define wavelength
Definition
the distance traveled in one cycle
Term
define bulk modulus
Definition
the measure of compressibility
Term
What is a transducer
Definition
converts one form of energy into another with a known fixed relationship between input and output energies
Term
what is the piazoelectric effect
Definition
when a mechanical force is applied to the face of the crystal and an electrical signal is generated
Term
what is curie point
Definition
the temperature above which the crystal loses its piazoelectric capabilities
Term
What is true when the most efficient operation of the transducer crystal is achieved?
Definition
the thickness of the crystal is 1/2 the wavelength
Term
what dampens the crystal vibrations and minimizes reflected sound waves from air between itself and the crystal
Definition
backing
Term
what is acoustic impedence
Definition
when there is an interface of two tissues where the acoustic impedence differs. a fraction of the wave will be reflected
Term
How is the acoustic impedence measured (Z)
Definition
rayls
Term
what is a rayl
Definition
kg/m^2/second
Term
what is the equation to find the amplitude reflection coefficient: (R)
Definition
R=(z2-z1)/(z2+z1)
Term
Z=
Definition
pv
Term
what is sound
Definition
a mechanical energy or disturbance that moves a pressure wave through a medium
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