Term
| Kazakh culture during the Soviet period |
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Definition
Contradictory trends and crisis characterized the cultural life of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the 20th century
• An integral part of the Bolshevik program for building socialism
was the formation of a new culture based on the principles of
partisanship and class ideology.
" In Soviet Kazakhstan, public education was the central direction of cultural transformation. |
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Term
| First schools of elementary? |
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Definition
Appeared in Akmolinsk Almaty
Verny Semipalatinsk and other in 1917-1918 |
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Term
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Definition
| • Labour school consists of 2 levels: the first for children 8-13 years old, the second for children 13-17 years old |
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Term
| when did a universal primary education start |
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Definition
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Term
| When did implementation of universal primary education end |
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Definition
| by the end of the 1930s and in 1937 percent of students is 97% |
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Term
| When did Kazakh national Ped univesity named aafter abahi Almaty Zoobeterinary open |
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Definition
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Term
| When did Kazakh university named after RkirovAopen |
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Definition
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Term
| THe development of kazakh education |
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Definition
Intellegentsya
• Prominent scientists introduced over one hundred high-yielding varieties of crops into agriculture; Kazakh historians have created a two-volume work on the history of Kazakhstan
• M. O. Auezov, A. B. Bekturov, A. K. Zhubanov, K. I. Satpaev, S. K. Kenesbaev, N. V. Pavlov, N. T. Sauranbaev...
• President of Academy: K. Satpayev (2), D. Kunaev, Sh. Chokin, Sh. Yessenov, A. Kunaev, M. Aytkhozhin, U. Sultangazin |
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Term
| Famous work of wat period |
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Definition
Mukhtar Auezov "Abai" 1942
Encyplodeia of kazakh people's life |
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Term
| What did kazakh writers do |
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Definition
| Depicted the most important socio-economic and cultural tasks of that time |
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Term
| Baurzhan Momyshuly what did he write and stuff |
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Definition
- "Spiral of Bauyrzhan"
* consists of the following actions: first, to get out of
• the encirclement without loss, to get rid of with
• lightning speed, and secondly, having escaped,
return and deliver an unexpected devastating blow who surrounded before (Bakhytbek Smagul).
• История одной ночи: Записки офицера; Наша семья: Автобиографический роман; За нами Москва: Записки офицера; Фронтовые встречи: Записки офицера; Генерал Панфилов; Кубинские встречи; Психология войны: книга- хроника. |
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Term
| Theatre, music in kazakhstan of 1940 |
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Definition
• The improved level of stage skills made it possible to transform the musical theatre into the Kazakh State Opera and Ballet Theater
Auezov's "In the apple orchard", Musrepov's "Amangeldy", Abishev's "Who is my father?"
• "Birzhan and Sara" (1946), "Abay" (1944)
Famours singers - Roza Baglanova, Zhamal Omarova, Shara Zhienkulova, Bibigul Tulegenova |
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Term
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Definition
• The first successes of the visual arts are closely related to the
activities of the Russian artist N. Khludov. Khludov initiated a
painting studio in 1920.
K. Telzhanov, A. Galimbaeva, M. Tansykbaev, A. Ismailov, A. Kasteev.....
exhibition of Kazakh artwork in Moscow in 1958more than 500 paintings
"Dzhambul" (1953), "Daughter of the Steppes", "Botagoz", "His Time Will Come" |
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Term
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Definition
Globalization - objective historical process:
⚫ formation and extending of the relationship
interdependence of countries in different regions of the world in various fields
⚫ internationalization of capital |
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Term
| Problems of globalizatoon= |
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Definition
an adequate understanding of identity
• spiritual values
⚫ criterion of education and people's awareness..... |
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Term
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Definition
a system of material and spiritual, cultural values, primarily operating socio-political and legal institutions of a particular social
• Institution the awareness, self-assessment by the state education of the social group and its representatives
⚫ unity of positive self-identification (we are like that) and negative (we are different, we are the best) |
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Term
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Definition
The system of material, spiritual and cultural values of society at any level
• The contradictions between the social (collectivist) and personal (private-individualistic) principles of the social body |
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Term
| Trends in modern cultural processS |
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Definition
the localization of national-state cultures
⚫ the integration of various cultures into a single planetary culture |
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Term
| Global trends in the development of modern civilization |
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Definition
⚫ the formation of an information society;
⚫ the emergence of modernist trends in art;
the manifestation of mass culture;
the increasing influence of religions on the worldview of people and their practical activities,
⚫ the aggravation of global problems |
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Term
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Definition
Culture of Kazakhstan
What are the internal typological gradations of the Kazakh national culture?
Criteria for typological gradations:
⚫ the degree of prevalence and rootedness of specific values in the public consciousness;
⚫ compliance with the people's worldview;
⚫ the foundations of national character and its embodiment;
⚫ carriers of social values;
• ideological content and sequence of spiritual development |
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Term
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Definition
1. the known and unknown culture. A known culture is in circulation, the second culture unknown had existed in the past or exists today in isolated social niches
2. the culture of the individual, social group, society
3. capital and local culture, urban and rural |
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Term
| The main trends and directions of contemporary art in Kazakhstan |
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Definition
• The most current art of Kazakhstan is the same age as independence
• Artists made an aesthetic and technological revolution which led to the creation of a new type of art for the country, but also entailed the destruction of the old system of cultural isolation.
• In the Soviet period, an artist was a member of an elite rank
• Artists faced the task of self-determination according to the principles of citizenship, nationality, political and aesthetic views |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Moldakul Narymbetov
1948 - 2011 |
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Definition
Car tires
Three bis би үш
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
Performance
• The genre of performance, by definition, presupposes a hero,
who most often becomes the artist himself, his body, costume
and actions.
• The performances of the first years of independence shook public opinion.
• The continuous change of images, lack of confidence in one's personality, social, national, and often professional affiliation evaluates not only the country but also the personal identity crisis. |
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Term
Erbossyn Meldibekov
2009
Family photo album |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
• Culture is the sphere, where ethnic traditions and national identity are indeed preserved.
• Art has genuinely endless expressive capabilities that can distinctly reproduce the spirit of folk culture.
• Today traditional ethnocultural codes are acquiring new and relevant forms. |
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Definition
The national self-identification of fine arts in the years of independence acquired a large-scale character, combining the aesthetics and philosophy of the national worldview with the latest means of the artistic language
• National archetypes are reflected both in traditional forms and in contemporary visual arts: ethnosign, Tengrian elements of rites, the colours of the endlessness of Kazakh steppe, cult animalistic images, musical instruments, and historical characters |
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Term
| The role of museums in preserving the cultural and ethnic memory of the Kazakh people |
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Definition
•The concept of memory is one of the most popular and productive for the studies focused on modern cultural states, if the culture is understood as real, including everyday practices, ways of adapting to challenges of a global nature, as well as local identification strategies and self-description.
• Menin Elim (My country), Mangilk el (Eternal country), Uly dala eli (Country of the great steppe), Rukhani Zhangyru |
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Term
| COmparative analysis of museums |
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Definition
• Museums become urban creative sites, objects thanks to which regional tourism develops, they create educational programs, can provide additional jobs to certain social groups; through active volunteerism they can develop local state programs
• Growth of national identity leads to the need for self-expression, reproduction of national and religious aspects of culture.
• The main resource for reform is local, regional opportunities for both funding and research investment. |
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Term
| Methods of delivering the materials |
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Definition
• Methods of delivering the materials and the nature of many exposition practices in regional museums preserve the standards of an enlightenment museum, which were established back in the Soviet period
• Most museums in Kazakhstan have no contact practices, the exhibits are still located behind the glass and cannot be touched.
• Museums become democratic, publicly accessible venues, the concept of a "museum-temple" or a "secure facility" becomes a thing of the past and is replaced by new interactive museums
• The use of the potential of museums in learning |
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Term
| State projects about museums |
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Definition
"Cultural Heritage" studying, restoring and preserving the historical and cultural heritage of the country, reviving historical and cultural traditions, propaganda of the cultural heritage of Kazakhstan among the population and outside the country
• Concept of Strengthening and Developing Kazakhstan's Identity and Unity civilian understanding of a nation that unites all citizens of a multiethnic and multiconfessional country
• Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan
The new ideology focuses on the issues of formation of a Kazakhstani nation united by unified ideals and values, the implementation of which will ensure independence and prosperity for the Republic.
• Museums keep a memory of the heritage of the people and can influence a person who visits the museum, including their self- identification, among other things. |
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Term
| Museum oof mining and smelting |
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Definition
⚫ the history of creation of the Museum of History of Mining and Smelting in the village Zhezdy in the Karaganda region
• Maken Toregeldin was an assistant of K. Satpayev, friends with K. Akishev |
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Term
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Definition
• Kazakhs are more interested in holy or sacred places now
Interest in holy places has existed for a long time, they were simply not controlled by the state. Since the dawn of time, the Kazakhs worshiped aruahs
⚫ holy places to perform any rites or rituals; an element of self- identification of the human
• So, the places of memory - mazars, mosques, graves, museums - are the main tools for Kazakhstan's identity design |
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Term
| The role of cultural institutions in the formation and education of the cult of knowledge, pragmatism and competitiveness, cultural identity and solidarity, patriotism among modern Kazakhstani youth. |
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Definition
Cultural institutions are institutions with an acknowledged mission to engage in the conservation, interpretation and dissemination of cultural, scientific, and environmental knowledge, and promote activities meant to inform and educate citizens on associated aspects of culture, history, science and the environment
The role of the cultural institutions is of great importance for civic education, because through them citizens can function as an active, informed and culturally noble person in society.
⚫ cultural centers, theater, libraries and museums |
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Term
| Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory |
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Definition
• Psychologist Dr Geert Hofstede published his cultural dimensions model that become an internationally recognized standard for understanding cultural differences.
⚫ studied people who worked for IBM in more than 50 countries
• Dimensions: Power Distance Index, Individualism & Collectivism, Masculinity & Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, Long- Versus Short-Term Orientation, Indulgence & Restraint |
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Term
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Definition
High PDI:
Centralized organizations.
More complex hierarchies.
Large gaps in compensation, authority and respect.
Tips
Acknowledge a leader's status. As an outsider, you may try to circumvent his or her power, but don't push back explicitly.
Be aware that you may need to go to the top for answers.
Low PDI:
Flatter organizations.
Supervisors and employees are considered almost as equals.
Delegate as much as possible
Ideally, involve all those in decision making who will be directly affected by the decision. |
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Term
| Individualism Versus Collectivism IDV |
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Definition
High idv
High value placed on people's time and their need for privacy and freedom.
An enjoyment of challenges, and an expectation of individual rewards for hard work.
Respect for privacy
Acknowledge individual accomplishments.
Don't mix work life with social life too much.
Encourage debate and expression of people's own ideas.
Low IDV
Emphasis on building skills and becoming master of something.
People work for intrinsic rewards.
Maintaining harmony among group members overrides other moral issues.
Wisdom is important.
Suppress feelings and emotions that may endanger harmony.
Avoid giving negative feedback in public.
Saying "No" can cause loss of face, unless it's intended to be polite. For example, declining an invitation several times is expected |
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Term
| Masculinity versus Femininity MAS |
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Definition
High MAS
Strong egos - feelings of pride and importance are attributed to status.
Money and achievement are important.
Be aware of the possibility of differentiated gender roles.
A long-hours culture may be the norm, so recognize its opportunities and risks.
People are motivated by precise targets, and by being able to show that they achieved them either as a group or as individuals.
Low MAS
Relationship oriented/consensual.
More focus on quality of life.
Success is more likely to be achieved through negotiation, collaboration and input from all levels.
Avoid an "old boys' club" mentality, although this may still exist.
Workplace flexibility and work-life balance may be important, both in terms of job design, organizational environment and culture, and the way that performance management can be best realized. |
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Term
| Uncertainty Avoidance Index |
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Definition
High UAI
Conservative, rigid and structured, unless the danger of failure requires a more flexible attitude.
Many societal conventions.
People are expressive, and are allowed to show anger or emotions, if necessary.
A high energy society, if people feel that they are in control of their life instead of feeling overwhelmed by life's vagaries
Be clear and concise about expectations and goals, and set clearly defined parameters.
But encourage creative thinking and dialogue where you can.
Recognize that there may be unspoken "rules" or cultural expectations you need to learn.
Recognize that emotion, anger and vigorous hand gestures may simply be part of the conversation
LOW UAI
Openness to change or innovation, and generally inclusive.
More inclined to open-ended learning or decision making.
Low UAI
Less sense of urgency.
Ensure that people remain focused, but don't create too much structure.
Titles are less important, so avoid "showing off" your knowledge or experience. Respect is given to those who can cope under all circumstances. |
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Term
Long Versus Short term orientation
Long-Versus Short-term orientation |
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Definition
Long-term
People often wonder how to know what is true. For example, questions like "What?" and "How?" are asked more than "Why?"
Thrift and education are seen as positive values.
Modesty.
Virtues and obligations are emphasized
Behave in a modest way.
Avoid talking too much about yourself.
People are more willing to compromise, yet this may not always be clear to outsiders; this is certainly so in a culture that also scores high on PDI.
SHORT TERM
People often want to know "Why?"
Strong convictions.
As people tend to oversell themselves, others will assess their assertions critically
Values and rights are emphasized.
Sell yourself to be taken seriously.
People are less willing to compromise as this would be seen as weakness.
Flattery empowers. |
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Term
Indulgence versus restraint
IVR |
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Definition
HIGH INDULGENCE
Optimistic.
Importance of freedom of speech.
Focus on personal happiness
Don't take life too seriously.
Encourage debate and dialogue in meetings or decision making.
Proritize feedback, coaching and mentoring,
Emphasize foible working and work life balance.
LOW INDULGENCE
Pessimistic
Morecontrolled and rigid behavior.
Avoid making jokes when engaged in formal sessions. Instead, be professional.
Only express negativity about the world during informal meetings |
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Term
| Kazakhstan model of cultural policy |
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Definition
| Development of a single multinational cultural space, formation of "Kazakh" mentality and spirituality of the Kazakhstani. |
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Term
| Objectives of cultural policy of kazakhstan |
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Definition
formation of spiritual and moral guidelines of citizens, new Kazakhstani patriotism and a sustainable set of values;
development of the all-Kazakhstan cultural space on the basis of preservation of national diversity and harmonious development of the culture of the people of Kazakhstan;
integration of national culture into the global cultural space, wide promotion of the historical and cultural heritage of Kazakhstan in the country and abroad, formation of its own national brands;
Π creation of conditions for the intensive development of a competitive cultural environment and modern cultural clusters;
further preservation and popularization of historical and cultural heritage in the new format "Mangilik el"; |
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Term
| Debates about the future of the cultural policy |
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Definition
Theory of modernization
Theory of multiculturalizm |
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Term
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Definition
The concept of cultural, political, social and economic modernization through a specific set of state-led initiatives (1960s and 1970s)
In the 1980s and 1990s reassessing the role of the state in the context of free market reforms and the "neo-conservative revolution" in economic thought (absolute role of the market, rather than the state). |
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Term
| Theory of multiculturalism |
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Definition
equal respect to various cultures in a society and policies promoting and celebrating cultural diversity and cultural differences by supporting each culture and refraining from both assimilation and segregation
reflection of and response to the demographic and especially migration patterns in the 21st century
emphasizes on tolerance and social and cultural engagement |
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Term
| Debates about the nature of the cultural policies |
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Definition
1. believe that government should focus more on strengthening the cultural identity and to help the society in protecting from the destructive forces of globalization
2. believe in opportunities provided by the forces of globalization and in integrating the Kazakh cultural universe into the rapidly globalizing culture and making Kazakh art and culture more competitive in the international arena |
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Term
| National idea "Mangilik el" |
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Definition
January 17, 2014 «Kazakhstan way-2050: a single goal, common interests, a single future» N. Nazarbayev proclaimed the national idea «Mangilik El»
The idea of Mangilik El is an ideology based on the goals and interests of the Kazakh nation and the national idea of more than one hundred and thirty Nations and nationalities living in our country
. The eternal country is the society of universal labor, the realization that grace does not come easily, the rational education of the younger generation, the unity and awareness of the people, the confirmation of every step of the state. |
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Term
| Principles of Mangilik el |
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Definition
1.
independence of the republic, development of patriotism
2.
sustainable, economic growth based on innovation
3.
secular state, high spirituality, development of moral and spiritual education
4. national unity, peace and harmony
5. society of universal labor, development
6. commonness of history, culture, language, development of multilingualism, political culture, knowledge of one's roots
7. national security and global participation of Kazakhstan in solving global and regional problems, development of co- operation, the ability to compete and the person in demand on the labor market |
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Term
| Globalization and regionalization |
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Definition
are parts of one whole, and, developing, mutually reinforce
there are serious contradictions between these two processes
Think globally, but act locally» |
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Term
| Glocalization R. Robertson |
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Definition
the transformation of the globalization process on a local level.
is adaptation of the borrowed cultural elements to various local conditions on the basis of the local tradition.
the unification and homogenization of cultures in some aspects (economy, material culture and way of life) is accompanied by localization, the growth of cultural diversity, the renaissance of the former cultural forms in others (religion, art, spiritual life, etc.). |
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Term
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Definition
culture shock the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse» (Kalervo Oberg (the mid-1950s).
according to Oberg, a person is not born with a culture but only with the capacity to understand it and use it. As we grow up in a determined cultural environment and we learn to interact socially in this environment |
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Term
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Definition
1. The intercultural experience the subjects have had in the past
2. The previous knowledge they have about the target culture
3. The linguistic ability they have to manage in the target culture
4. Human values previously learned and developed by subjects
5. The subjects' personality
6. Similarities between the culture of origin and the target culture
7. Geography and weather
8. The subjects' situation in the new environment |
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Term
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Definition
All the senses are alert and even the foreign language is understood and spoken better than expected.
Everything is fantastic and the differences between the culture of origin and the new culture are hardly perceived and excused as the defects in the loved person. |
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Term
| Rejection or Regression Stage |
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Definition
The physical tiredness resulting from the previous stage appears, issues with the physical adaptation process, the subject is exposed to more situations of linguistic, family and friends are missed and a feeling of loneliness and vulnerability hovers around.
. The differences between the two cultures are evident now and frequently
The subject feels confused, tired, afraid, rejected, lonely, irritable, vulnerable and anxious every time one of these situations is faced. |
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Term
Adjustment/Negotiation
Stage |
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Definition
The subject progressively adapts to the new environment and starts to develop routines, meets new people who can help interpreting situations, linguistic abilities are improved, the city is better known and the subject manages well in it.
the subject understands the target culture is not bad
. there will be things the subject will like or not and also, s/he will know why. |
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Term
| What is interculturality? |
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Definition
capacity to experience cultural otherness, and to use this experience to reflect on matters that are usually taken for granted within one's own cultural environments;
readiness to suspend belief about (the normalcy of) one's own culture and to believe in (the naturalness of) other cultures;
openness to, interest in, curiousity about and empathy towards people from other cultures;
the ability to decenter. |
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Term
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Definition
• adversarial communication, the goal is to "defeat" the other person.
coercive communication, the goal is to impose, force or pressurize the other person
without respect, dialogue loses its key characteristic as an open exchange of views |
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Term
| What is intercultural dialogue? |
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Definition
refers to an open and respectful exchange of views between individuals and groups from different cultural backgrounds.
is characterized by equal partnership and shared goal orientation |
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Term
| Why are intercultural communication and dialogue important? |
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Definition
To achieve social cohesion within multicultural societies and to foster a sense of inclusiveness
NB: competences, which are required for intercultural communication and dialogue, are not automatically acquired |
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Term
| Stereotypes: what are these? |
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Definition
The term derives from the Greek words stereos fixed and typos concept;
fixed concepts and are linked to and influenced by the group membership of the person who is using them;
can touch all areas of life;
often based on other's experiences and things we "have heard.";
are usually described as cognitive concepts:
generalize people and groups;
Examples: Swiss people are always on time," "hard rock fans are mean," "accountants are boring. |
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Term
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Definition
outgroup homogeneity (members of a foreign group are all similar)
in-group heterogeneity (within one's own group, all people are different individuals).
Stereotypes are relatively stable |
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Term
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Definition
When a stereotype is linked with an emotional component (often negative), we call it a prejudice
Why do stereotypes turn into prejudices:
• Some people tend to form prejudices faster than others.
•Prejudices form because of group conflicts about resources.
• Prejudices form because one group tries to put their own group in a better position than the others. |
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Term
| Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism |
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Definition
Ethnocentrism refers to a prejudice based solely on your own cultural background, knowledge and point of view.
If we take actions based on only our own values and point of view, this is called ethnocentrism.
Ethno derives from the Greek and means "people" (in the sense of a large community like a nation).
ethnocentrism means to put yourself and your own point of view into the centre.
The approach to realise that an individual's beliefs and actions must be understood from their point of view and culture, is called cultural relativism |
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Term
| A citizen is someone who: |
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Definition
according to unesco:
is willing to investigate issues in the local and wider community.
has the ability to analyze issues and to participate in action aimed at achieving a sustainable future. (2010) |
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Term
| A citizen is someone who: |
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Definition
oxfam:
participates in and contributes to the community at a range of levels from global to local.
is willing to act to make the world a more sustainable place.
takes responsibility for the actions. (2009) |
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Term
| Globalisation and citizenship |
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Definition
how could different nationalities deal with each other if their citizenship concept is different?
The idea of intercultural citizenship
UNESCO "Intercultural citizenship refers to a sense of belonging to a broader community and common Humanity. It emphasizes political, economic, social and cultural interdependency and interconnectedness between the local, the national and the global." (UNESCO, 2018). |
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Term
| Active citizenship and types of community memebers |
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Definition
The term 'civic participation' describes the different ways we can work together to achieve shared goals and build better communities.
Civic participation can be either an individual or a collective activity, formal or informal
- A personally-responsible community member accepts his/her personal responsibilities to his/her community.
- A participatory community member works with others to plan and take part in organized activities to achieve shared goals.
- A justice-orientated community member critically analyses social issues and injustice facing the community. |
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Term
| Benefits of Active Citizenship |
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Definition
It keeps leaders and government more informed of the needs and concerns of the community.
It involves citizens in the leadership and governance of the community.
. If citizens participate in decision-making, those decisions will reflect the values of the people. |
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Term
| Active Intercultural Citizens |
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Definition
| Active Intercultural Citizens see themselves as members of the global community and recognize that the challenges the world faces are interdependent and that our choices and actions may have repercussions for people and communities locally and globally |
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Term
| Intercultural citizenship: definition |
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Definition
Citizens belong to "overlapping communities of fate: local, regional, national, and international and, increasingly, virtual. Even though people may have very different cultures and beliefs, their interests are tied up with others, not because they share a common national citizenship, but because they may be members of a diasporic group, have a common faith or political agenda, or live in a particular neighborhood" (Osler & Starkey, 2003).
Intercultural citizenship relies upon conciliating multiple identities and contexts simultaneously, assumes the ability to engage in intercultural dialogues respecting the rights of cultural others, and ideally becomes one step toward promoting peace." (UNESCO, 2013). |
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