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Definition
| Knowledge, education, wisdom, understanding, skill. Incorporate things like stories that are really rich in knowledge, teaching aids, transferring knowledge to different generations to help deal with situations. Provide insight. More spiritual aspects of knowledge. |
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Definition
| Correct procedure, custom, manner and practice. How things get done pragmatically in response to the need and response to demand. Style and way of doing things. Clear differences between iwis in ways of doing things. |
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Term
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Definition
- Power, honour, prestige, authority, influence, self-esteem
- Knowing who you are, where you come from, and why you are here.
- Mana can be enhanced, nurtured, strengthened, gained, inherited or acquired and used to bless others but it also can be stripped, change depleted, damaged, trampled on, abused, and even lost.
- Strengthening mana (regaining mana): encouraging people in their voice, power to choose, their sense of honour, authority and decision making, looking into sombody’s eyes, stand forth in their decision making so that they can determine their future |
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Term
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Definition
- Interrelated with mana
- Understanding yourself as a human being, as somebody who has spiritual or devine qualities.
- State of sacredness and potential that exists within a human person
- Inherited at birth through connection to spiritual power
- Born with personal tapu connected in with whānau |
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Term
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Definition
- Whānau are family or non-relations among a shared community, agenda or experience
- Doesn’t always relate to people who are blood related. Can include people that are adopted, people who have a huge part in your life (e.g. sport teams, people who live in the same community)
- A general principle of how we are around people
- Governing system in matters of importance. A process where people outwardly consult with their Whanau, to how things can be done and work towards the benefit
- Aroha (love, uncondicional quality of compasion) is crucial to whānaungatanga, providing the binding or attachment to the whānau (Pere, 1994). When you care for each other in a whanau, there is a need to keep things bounded. |
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Term
| What is the main reason as to why we are not aware of Maori psychological theories? |
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Definition
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Term
| Colonisation/Treaty Background |
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Definition
- Colonisation that was happening in NZ was also happening all around the world
- Aim to conquer power over the initial inhabitants
- Was a translation version of the treaty written in English that justified European laws, while the Maori version emphasised the Maori ways of doing things, and Maori solvency (governing themselves and governing their own practices)
- The Maori version was signed over 500 Maori leaders, but the English version was signed by only 30 Maori leaders |
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Term
| Colonisation/Land Occupation Background |
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Definition
- Māori faced warfare, confiscation and forced sale of lands, and were depopulated from an estimate of 150,000 in 1769, to 44,000 in the early 1900s (disposition of 95% previously occupied land)
- Māori isolated from land to live, cultivate and obtain food
- Communities became reliant on income through cheap and unskilled labour
- The denigration of Māori mana, has led to devastating material and social impacts
- Perception that Maori were not at the correct level of employment, pushed Maori to the bottom of socio-economic ladder |
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Term
| Colonisation & government neglect |
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Definition
Government neglect and apathy to Māori health crises.
- Intervention was thought to have been a ‘special vote’.
- Apathetic to the health issues that Maori were facing, as they believed that Maori was a dying race so it was a way to ‘smooth the dying pillow’
Government perception that Māori survival lay in assimilation to western processes
- Facilitated by beliefs that Māori were inferior to Europeans. Trying to eliminate Maori ways of doing things |
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Term
| Colonisation and intergenerational trauma |
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Definition
- Intergenerational trauma in response to the colonising process (Czyzewski, 2011; Gone, 2013).
- Indigenous, ‘first nations’ commonalities in European colonising experience and disproportionate rates of psychiatric distress and negative health outcomes
- Cumulative, intergenerational experience of trauma, and compounded impact |
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Term
| Colonisation and resistance |
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Definition
- Hone Toia
- Europeans created a dog tax for Maori – “if they tax dogs, people will be next”
- Hone didn’t kneel in photo (act of rebellion). Was imprisoned for standing up against the European powers, but is still seen as a hero by the Maori. |
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Term
| Ways of learning mātauranga Māori as resistance to colonisation |
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Definition
- Research practices to increase knowledge and understanding
- Developing knowledge of ways to speak back to inferiority E.g. Maori childrearing within a context of whanau |
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Term
| What tools and skills was Leonie doing in her research project that allowed her to resist colonisation? |
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Definition
- Bringing forward mātauranga Māori about raising children
- reports that Māori children were ‘over-indulged’ and spoilt
- adored and loved through communal care
- oriori – lullabies, whakatauki – proverbs, purakau – folklore, stories – affirm the idea of children being adored
- Understanding the impact of Native schools in teaching Māori parents to discipline children in line with idea that children should be ‘seen and not heard’
- Demystifying ways that we understand raising children and argue back against the idea that smacking was a Māori way.
- Making connections between colonisation (negative statistics) and present day high rates of child death and murder, domestic violence among Māori |
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Term
| Overall Comment from article Maori and psychology: Indigenous psychology in New Zealand |
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Definition
| Psychology text books and psychological knowledge are largely dominated by an American world view that hides the existence of indigenous ways of thinking and behaving. One of the objectives of indigenous psychology is to challenge that dominance and promote a field of psychological research that is culturally relevant and sensitive to indigenous peoples. |
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