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| is a group that has been incorporated into a state through conquest or migration, that maintains distinctive cultural and/or linguistic traditions, and that has a sense of a separate, shared, and age-old identity. |
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| are etic populations in which several genes occur together with distinctive frequencies over many generations. |
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| are assumed to have a biological basis but are in fact culturally constructed. Social race is an emic construct that can be used politically to justify prejudice and stratification. |
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| is the belief that the cultural and intellectual characteristics of a population are linked to its biological racial character, with the notion that some races are inherently superior to others. |
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| is a relatively benign form of making racial distinctions, such as skin color and facial characteristics, intended for reference purposes. |
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