Term
| Culturally Responsive Teaching -- definition/values |
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Definition
1. making learning more appropriate and effective for ELL
2. validating/incorporating their culture and backgrounds
3. using cultural knowledge and experiences to help connect kids to curriculum |
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| Culturally Responsive Teaching -- key instructional components |
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Definition
1. content goals w/in cultural context
2. cooperative environment
3. positive classroom climate
4. strong student-teacher relationship
5. culturally responsive techniques
6. authentic performance assessments |
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Term
| Contrastive Analysis tool |
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Definition
| a way to adjust instruction by first understanding how L1 and L2 are similar/different (e.g. what might be some transferable skills, phonemes that don't transfer, etc.) |
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Office of Civil Rights
- districts must make affirmative steps to rectify lang. deficiencies; equal access principles enforced |
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| Limited English Proficient / Fluent English Proficient |
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| Top 5 Languages in US Schools |
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Definition
1. Spanish
2. Vietnamese
3. Hmong
4. Chinese
5. Korean |
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Term
| Tier 1 Words vs. Tier II vs. Tier III |
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Definition
Tier I: common everyday words not usually taught
Tier 2: academic words (e.g. fancy word like "cumbersome')
Tier 3: nomenclature of specific content area (e.g., scientific vocab) |
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Term
| What makes instructional materials appropriate for ELs? |
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Definition
1. culturally sensitive & respectful
2. L-1 may be included (glossary, etc.)
3. activities/strategies for diverse needs
4. contains info to help teachers w/ 'transfer skills'
5. lots of visuals |
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Term
| 4 phases of language acquisition |
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Definition
1. silent/receptive/preproduction phase
2. early production phase (1-2word phrases)
3. speech emergence - simple sentences
4. intermediate language proficiency - longer, more complex sentences |
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Definition
| words that sound alike (to, two, too) |
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Definition
expressions like:
- let's "touch base"
- "you can take that to the bank"
- "can you eyeball it"
- use a little "elbow grease"
- "you hit the nail on the head" |
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| I think this is a technique to reinforce phonic awareness and vocab; teacher has student recite words like when I: "Oligopoly" |
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difference in phoneme (sound/accent), but do not change meaning: dog -- dawg -- dough-g
alternate pronunciation phonemes |
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| Structure English Immersion (SEI) |
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Definition
- all instruction in English
- teachers are trained in EL instruction ("Sheltered")
- students in program on year
- 51% of day must be in English
- result of prop 227 that repealed 'bilingual ed' approach |
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Term
| Scaffolding Strategies (Jeff's list) |
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Definition
1. modeling
2. bridging
3. contextualization
4. schema building (background in content)
5. metacognitive development (think aloud, problem solve)
6. text representation (lots o graphics)
7. L1 language support |
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Definition
Annual Measured Academic Objective
- NCLB requires states to make AMAOs to check EL progress |
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Definition
1. phonology
2. morphology
3. syntax
4. semantics
5. pragmatics (delivery, intonations, body lang.) |
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Term
| differentiating instruction |
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Definition
| term for addressing level of proficiency in English and subject content; |
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Term
| "preview - review" strategy |
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Definition
- preview in L-1
- teach in English using SDAIE techniques
- review in L-1 |
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Term
| universal access vs. universal design |
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Definition
universal access = the concept of planning lessons to ALL students (even EL) can participate and benefit
universal design = "barrier free" design that helps ALL |
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Definition
| indiv. sounds that form speech |
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study of parts of words (smallest units of meaning)
- suffixes, prefixes, etc. |
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| speech functions (5 types of speech to perform tasks) |
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Definition
1. borrowing ?
2. requesting
3. demanding
4. inviting
5. questioning |
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Definition
| objects used in lesson to make something more concrete or hands-on |
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Definition
technique of practicing phonemic awareness w/ ELs:
hear it, say it:
"mat - map" "pat - pet" |
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| How long it takes to become fluent in CALP (Academic Language) |
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| Some examples of American/Western gestures/signs that mean something totally different in other cultures |
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Definition
- thumbs up
- 'OK' sign
others? |
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same meaning vs. opposite meaning
e.g. joy/happiness; good/bad |
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| homonyms (aka homophones) |
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words that have same sound but different meanings
e.g. there, their, they're |
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studies the ways in which context contributes to meaning
- context includes not just the situation, but body language, facial expression, intonation, etc.
- the statement "You've got a green light" could mean diff. things in diff.contexts |
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diff. styles of language for diff. purposes:
- formal vs. informal
- passive vs. direct |
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Structured English Immersion
- post Prop 227 approach (backlash against BL progams
- one year w/ ESL trained teachers
- goal: quick transition out |
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| metacognitive skill-building strategies |
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Definition
-think aloud / modeling problem solving
-mental maps/ semantic mapping |
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