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CSU BIOL 5515 Developmental Biology Chapter 1
Chapter 1
32
Biology
Undergraduate 4
01/09/2011

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Term
Analogy
Definition
In two or more species, superficially similar structures or characteristics that arise from similar function rather than being derived from a common ancestral structure.
Term
Blastomeres
Definition
Cellular products of cleavage.
Term
Blastula
Definition
An embryo consisting of a (usually) hollow sphere of blastomeres resulting from cleavage.
Term
Cell lineage
Definition
The line of descent from zygote to any particular cell type in a multicellular organism.
Term
Cleavage
Definition
During embryogenesis, a rapid series of mitotic divisions of the zygote to form smaller cells.
Term
Developmental biology
Definition
The study of all developmental processes from fertilization through death.
Term
Differentiation
Definition
Developmental processes by which cells become different from each other within a multicellular organism.
Term
Disruption
Definition
Developmental anomaly caused by an environmental agent.
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
Outermost cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the epidermis, central nervous system, and neural crest derivatives.
Term
Embryogenesis
Definition
Development of an organism from zygote to either birth or hatching.
Term
Embryology
Definition
The study of development from fertilization to birth or hatching.
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Innermost cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the inner lining of the digestive tube, pharynx, and respiratory tube.
Term
Epigenesis
Definition
Acquisition of a complex, differentiated state from a simple, undifferentiated state.
Term
Epithelium
Definition
A group of cells that are tightly connected in a sheet or tube.
Term
Evolution
Definition
The origin of new types of organisms from pre-existing types, involving descent with modification.
Term
Fate map
Definition
A diagram of an embryo that indicates which later structures will be derived from each part.
Term
Fertilization
Definition
Union of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote.
Term
Gastrulation
Definition
During embryogenesis, the rearrangement of blastomeres to produce an embryo with 3 primary germ layers.
Term
Germ cells
Definition
Gametes and gamete precursors.
Term
Homology
Definition
Presence in two different groups of organisms of a structure, behavior, pathway, or gene that is shared by descent from a common ancestor.
Term
Larva
Definition
An early form of an animal after hatching that is fundamentally unlike an adult.
Term
Malformation
Definition
Developmental anomaly caused by a genetic defect.
Term
Mesenchyme
Definition
A group of cells that are loosely connected or not connected and that function as independent units.
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
Middle cell layer of a developing embryo that contributes to the notochord, skeletal muscles, dermis of the skin, heart, kidney, blood and blood vessels, bone, etc.
Term
Metamorphosis
Definition
Developmental process by which larval tissues are destroyed and replaced by cells destined to form adult tissues and organs.
Term
Morphogenesis
Definition
Generation of form and structure within an organism during development.
Term
Multicellular
Definition
Composed of more than one cell and having more than one cell type.
Term
Mutagen
Definition
Any physical or chemical treatment that increases the rate of mutations.
Term
Organogenesis
Definition
During embryogenesis, the generation of body organs.
Term
Somatic cells
Definition
All cells of the body that are not germ cells.
Term
Teratogen
Definition
Physical and chemical agent in the environment that causes developmental disruptions.
Term
Regeneration
Definition
Development of a tissue or organ in an adult after removal by injury or disease.
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