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| A step-by-step description of how to accomplish a task |
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| A List of instructions to be carried out by a computer |
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| the art of designing and writing a group of instructions that the computer's processor executes |
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| .java file written by a person |
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| converts source code into machine (byte) code |
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| also known as machine code, .class file |
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| when a file can be used on any computer with a Virtual machine, no matter what platform the file was created on |
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| a unit of code that is the basic building block of Java programs |
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| A program unit that represents a particular action or computation |
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main method
Java begins the execution of the program with the main method |
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| every java program has one. |
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An executable snippet of code that represents a complete command
ALL END IN A ; |
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| sections of our source code that are ignored by the compiler |
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a sequence of characters enclosed in double-quotes
CANNOT SPAN MORE THAN ONE LINE |
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Necessary to include characters like ", tabs, newline, and \ in STRINGS
starts with \ |
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Definition
A name given to an entity in a program
-Must begin with a letter, _, or $
-Cannot be a keyword/reserved word
-Must contain only letters, digits, underscores or $ |
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| word that is reserved for use by Java. Sometimes called a reserved word |
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| Upper-case letters are interpreted as completely different letters than lower-case letters |
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| Program runs but output is not correct |
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| a set of tasks to be executed sequentially to accomplish a goal (think recipe) |
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| Object-oriented Programming |
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| a set of objects that can perform tasks on themselves and interact with each other (what Java was designed for) |
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Definition
a command to execute another method, which causes all of the statements inside that method to be executed
methodName (); |
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| the order in which the statements of a Java program are executed |
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| Java keywords for Integer types |
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Definition
int (4 bytes)
byte (1 byte)
short (2 bytes)
long (8 bytes) |
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| Java keywords for Real Number Types |
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Definition
double (8 bytes)
float (4 bytes) |
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| Java keyword for Character Type |
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Definition
char (2 bytes)
-Enclosed in single quotes '
-Need escape sequence for single quote and backslash |
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| Primitive Data Type- 2 values true/false |
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A simple value or a set of operations that produces a value.
2 Types: Arithmetic and Boolean
THESE HAVE VALUES, STATEMENTS DO NOT |
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| The process of obtaining the value of an expression. |
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Indicate the operation to be performed
+ - * / % |
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| Values used in the expression |
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Definition
the remainder operator
Useful for testing even/odd
Extract final digits |
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| The order of evaluating expressions |
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| a copy of a value is converted to a "higher" type |
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Casting
Requires a cast-put the name of the type you want in parentheses in front of the value you want to cast |
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Definition
| a copy of a value is converted into another type |
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| Combining several string into a single string OR combining a string with other new data |
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| A memory location with a name and type that stores a value |
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A request to set aside a new variable with a given type and name
; |
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| Giving a value to a variable |
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| Giving a variable an initial value |
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| the process of doing something over and over again |
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| a mechanism for doing similar things many times
for (< initialization >; ; ) {
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| int variable used to control the loop |
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| includes an automatic new line at the end of the output |
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| prints the text and leaves the cursor at the end of the printed text |
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A loop placed inside another loop
Outer loop: # of rows |
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| English-like description of algorithms |
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a named value (identifier) that cannot be changed and may be accessed from anywhere in the class
Declared with keyword final
Naming convention ALL_IN_CAPS |
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| the part of a program where a variable exists |
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| variable declared in a method that can only be accessed in the method |
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| declaring variables in the innermost scope possible (security, minimize interference, efficiency) |
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| A loop that never terminates |
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| Any of a set of characteristics that distinguish different members of a family of tasks |
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| A variable that appears in the same parentheses in method header that is used to generalize the method's behavior |
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| A specific value or expression that appears inside parentheses in a method call |
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The name of a method, along with its number and type of parameters
e.g. average(int, int, int) |
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| The ability to define two or more different methods with the same name but different method signatures |
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| To send a value out as a result of a method that can be used in an expression in your program |
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| a Java utility used to produce professional documentation such as the Java API |
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A programming entity that contains
-State (data)
-Behavior (methods) |
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Definition
| to create a new object
-use the "new" keyword
-Is a special type of method that returns a new object
-Syntax: = new () |
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| An Integer used to specify a location in a sequences of values |
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| groups of classes found in Java Class Libraries |
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| A message printed to the user, telling them what input to type, before we read from the Scanner |
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Definition
A single element of input
-They are separated by whitespace |
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| spaces, tabs, newline characters that separate tokens |
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