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Cross-Cultural Issues
Flashcards on cross-cultural issues with the DSM
22
Psychology
Not Applicable
09/18/2015

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Cards

Term
Who used criterion validity to show that the DSM was effective in diagnosing Korean children with ADHD?
Definition
Lee (2006)
Term
Where did Lee (2006) take place?
Definition
South Korea
Term
What did Lee (2006) diagnose Korean children with?
Definition
ADHD
Term
What type of validity did Lee (2006) use?
Definition
Criterion validity
Term
Why might Westerners misinterpret an Asian patient's level of emotion?
Definition
In many Asian cultures, people who are going through emotional distress are praised if they remain stoic.
Term
Why might Westerners misinterpret an Arabic patient's level of emotion?
Definition
In Arabic cultures, showing a lot of emotion in public is seen as a positive thing.
Term
Why is it important to understand how different cultures view emotional expression?
Definition
A patient from a different culture may be seen as abnormal in Western culture, when they would be seen as normal in their own culture.
Term
Who highlighted the differences between Westerners' and Asian people's attitudes to emotional expression?
Definition
Davison and Neale (1994)
Term
What did Burnham (1987) find?
Definition
Mexican Americans are more likely to experience auditory hallucinations than non-Mexican Americans.
Term
How is hearing voices interpreted differently in some cultures?
Definition
It is seen as a special spiritual gift.
Term
How might culture affect the number of people with diagnosed mental illnesses?
Definition
If there is a stigma against mentally ill people, people will be less likely to report symptoms and be diagnosed.
Term
How does the stigma against schizophrenia affect Japanese patients?
Definition
Only 20% are diagnosed.
Term
What are two other ways in which culture may cause misdiagnosis?
Definition
Patients may be less likely to confide in someone from another culture; language barriers
Term
In Britain, which groups are more likely to be diagnosed with mental illness than other groups?
Definition
West Indians and Irish people.
Term
What did Blake (1973) find?
Definition
Black Americans were more likely to be diagnosed as schizophrenic than white Americans, most likely due to overdiagnosis
Term
Which religious group is most likely to suffer depression?
Definition
Jewish men are more likely to have depression than Catholic or Protestant men.
Term
What did Flaum et al (1991) find?
Definition
The DSM could be unreliable when patients were from one culture, but when they were from other cultures, the unreliability was magnified.
Term
What is an example of a culture-bound syndrome in the DSM?
Definition
"Penis panics", where the patient thinks their penis or breasts will retract into their body. This is mostly restricted to Africa and Asia.
Term
How could the DSM reduce its cultural bias?
Definition
Consider symptoms which may be culturally misinterpreted separately; remove focus from positive symptoms of schizophrenia to negative ones, as these are more culture-neutral.
Term
What did Lock (1993) find?
Definition
Maoris are 2-3 times more likely to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital than white New Zealanders.
Term
What did Brislin (1993) find?
Definition
In the West, quick thinking is a sign of intelligence, and speed is a measure on intelligence tests. In Uganda, intelligence is associated with slow and deliberate thought.
Term
What did Lin (1996) find?
Definition
The prevalence of schizophrenia is present across cultures.
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