Term
| instrumental sexual aggression |
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Definition
- sex offender uses just enough coercion to gain compliance from his victim
- common in rapists |
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Term
| expressive sexual aggression |
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Definition
- common in rapists
- sex offender's primary aim is to harm the victim physically as well as psychologically
- "eroticized": sexual offender gets turned on by presence of of physical or psychological brutality |
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Term
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Definition
-"the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will" (FBI, 2005)
- assaults and/or attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force
- victims can be both male and female, but UCR definition limited to female |
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Term
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Definition
- age is the crucial distinction
- victim is below a certain age (usually 16, varies from state to state) cannot validly consent to sexual intercourse with an adult
- "carnal knowledge of a girl, w/ or w/o consent
- RESTRICTED TO FEMALE VICTIMS and intercourse |
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Term
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Definition
- sexual relations with a consenting adult female under fraudulent conditions
- psychotherapist having sex with a patient: "it's treatment" |
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Term
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Definition
- 60% of rape
- 1/3 of young adults between the ages of 16 and 24 have reported being involved in at least one abusive dating incident
- sexual assault that occurs within the context of a dating relationship
- risk factors: male feels "entitled" to it (he spent money/took her out so he should get something in return!)
- woman blames herself (she LET it happen, she decided to go on the date, it's her fault for getting the male aroused, etc) |
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Term
| uncontrollable or irresistible impulse attribution |
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Definition
- psychological state wherein the normal restraints of self-control are substantially reduced or virtually eliminated by an overwhelming sex drive
- high levels of sexual deprivation may cause a bubbling over of an innate, natural, sex drive of such intensity that the individual loses control of his behavior and consequently can no longer help himself
- biological force |
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Term
| mental illness or disease attribution |
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Definition
- rape is symptomatic of some deep-seated sickness or mental aberration
- they need help
- similar in causation and represent a single type of psychopathology (character disorder)
- view held by the judicial system, social service agencies, and general public
- rapists are homosexuals who assault a woman to prove their masculinity
- addiction? (addicted to sex as one is addicted to gambling, or alcohol?)
- 12 steps to recovery: Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous, Sexaholics Anonymous, Sexual Addicts Anonymous, and Sexual Abuse Anonymous |
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Term
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Definition
- offender loses control of his impulses when under the influence
- removes social and moral constraints
- loss of judgement |
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Term
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Definition
- victim was seductive and at fault
- led perp into temptation
- promoted unconsciously by the female
- "good girls don't get raped" |
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Term
| 4 Attributions/Beliefs Why Men Rape |
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Definition
- irresistible impulse
- mental illness or disease
- drugs/alcohol
- victim |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pervasive anger type rapist |
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Definition
- Type 3 rapist according to Massachusetts Treatment Classification
- generalized anger pervades all areas of his life
- anger directed at EVERYONE
- long history of antisocial, violent behavior
- inflict high levels of physical injury on victims |
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Term
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Definition
- offender uses more force than necessary for compliance and engages in a variety of sexual acts that are degrading or humiliating (sodomy, fellatio, urination)
- abusive and profane language
- act of conscious anger and rage
- he believes sex to be dirty and offensive (uses it against women)
- prompted by some previous conflict or humiliation by some significant woman
- physical brutality |
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Term
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Definition
- wants to have power and control over his victim
- amount of force used determined by submission of victim
- goal is sexual conquest
- victim is often kidnapped or help captive
- disappointing to perp because it doesn't live up to his fantasies |
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Term
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Definition
- aggression is eroticized
- arousal through victim's maltreatment, torment, distress, helplessness, and suffering
- bondage and torture |
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Term
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Definition
- anger: 40%
- power : 50+%
- sadistic: 5% |
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Term
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Definition
- variety of mistaken beliefs about the crime of rape and its victims held by many men and women
- stem from traditional "manly" views of men (women must be dominated) |
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Term
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Definition
depictions of sexual contact where one of the participants is portrayed as poweress or nonconsenting, or is little more than an object for the pleasure of the other(s)
- physically violent or degrading and humiliating
- NOT erotica in which all participants are equal
- little suppor tfor a direct causal link between porno and sexual aggression
- Donnerstein did experiments: anything, sexual or not, that increases arousal level of an already aroused subject will increase agggressive behavior where aggression is dominant behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual contact by adult males with young adolescents |
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Term
| extrafamilial child molestation |
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Definition
| victims are outside the immediate or extended family |
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Term
| intrafamilial child molestation |
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Definition
-victims are inside the immediate/extended family
- incest
- men who molest their sexually immture daughters or stepdaughters |
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Term
| fixated or immature pedophile |
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Definition
long-standing, exclusive preference for children as both sexual and social companions
- MICHAEL JACKSON.
- passive, timid, and dependent, average intelligence, work below his ability, adequate social skills
- not concerned or disturbed about his preference (not easily rehabilitated) |
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Term
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Definition
- a male who had fairly normal relationships with adults but later reverted to children to sexual and social companionships because of feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt
- followed by problems in occupational, social, and sexual lives
- each act is precipitated by a significant jolt to the offender's sexual adequacy
- victims are strangers
- seeks genital sex
- easily rehabilitated |
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Term
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Definition
- seeks children to satisfy his sexual needs
- exploits child's weaknesses and uses tricks to get child to comply
- criminal and antisocial conduct
- relationships stormy and unpredictable
- unpleasant, impulsive, irritable, moody
- difficult to treat |
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Term
| aggressive/sadistic pedophile |
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Definition
- antisocial behavior and poor adaptation to their environments
- prefer victims of same sex
- primary aim: obtain stimulation without
consideration for victim
- hardest to treat
- example: Albert Fish (Moon Maniac) and Joh Wayne Gacy Jr |
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Term
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Definition
deliberate exposure of the genitals to another person to achieve sexual gratification
- indecent exposure
- most frequent sex offense
- "Western phenomenon" (seeing private parts is SO taboo, if it wasn't then it would lose its shock value)
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Term
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Definition
- scopophilia/inspectionalism
- peeker! |
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Term
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Definition
| - sexual attraction to an inanimate object rather than people |
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Term
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Definition
| - exaggerated sexual interest in some part of the human anatomy not usually associated with sexual orousal, such as the knee |
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Term
| Federal Bureau of Prisons |
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Definition
| oversees all federal penitentiaries, correctional institutions, prison cams, and medical centers in US other than those operated by military |
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Term
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Definition
| imprisonment for longer terms of offenders who are believed to pose the greatest threat to society |
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Term
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Definition
things about a person's developmental history that change over time, such as attitudes, opinions, and knowledge (in contrast to static risk factors)
- more realistic goal to change in corrections |
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Term
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Definition
- historical factors
- biological parents, gender, birth order, race/ethnic backround, general background variables |
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Term
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Definition
- dynamic risk factors assocated with ongoing criminal behavior
- targeted for corrections! |
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Term
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Definition
- inmates exchange, share, and support one another's constructive systems, beliefs, attitudes, and feelings
- creates a deviant culture in which inmates form subgroups and develop friendships, loyalty, and commitment
- PROMOTES CRIMINAL ACTIVITY |
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Term
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Definition
| - inmates learn specific rules, general culture, and expectation of prison community |
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Term
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Definition
- cognitive theories dominate the research on learning, memory, personality, motivation, and social psychology
- used in counseling and psychotherapy
- behavior due to external (rewards and reinforcements) and internal events (perceptions) |
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