Cranial Nerve I

Olfactory Nerve

Primary function: Special Sensory

Foramen: Olfactory foramina of ethmoid

Innervation: Olfactory epithelium

Cranial Nerve II

Optic Nerve

Primary Function: Special Sensory

Foramen: Optic Canal

Innervation: Retina of Eye

Cranial Nerve III

Oculomotor

Primary Function: Motor and Proprioception

Foramen: Superior Orbital Fissure

Innervation: Inferior, medial, superior rectus, inferior oblique and levator palpebrae superioris muscles; intrinsic eye muscles

Cranial Nerve IV

Trochlear

Primary Function: Motor and Proprioception

Foramen: Superior Orbital Fissure

Innervation: Superior oblique muscle

Branches of Cranial Nerve V

Trigeminal

                                Branches:

                             1. Ophthalmic

                             2. Maxillary

                             3. Mandibular             

Branch #1 of Cranial Nerve V

Ophthalmic

Primary Function: Sensory

Foramen: Superior Orbital Fissure

Innervation: Orbital structures, nasal cavity, skin of forehead, upper eyelid, eyebrows, nose (part)

Branch #2 of Cranial Nerve V

Maxillary

Primary Function: Sensory

Foramen: Foramen rotundum

Innervation: Lower eyelid; superior lip, gums, and teeth; cheek, nose (part), palate, and pharynx (part)

Branch # 3 of Cranial Nerve V

Mandibular

Primary Function: Mixed

Foramen: Foramen ovale

Innervation: Sensory: inferior gums, teeth, lips, palate (part), and tongue (part)

Motor: muscles of mastication

Cranial Nerve VI

Abducens

Primary Function: Motor and Proprioception

Foramen: Superior Orbital Fissure

Innervation: Lateral rectus muscle

Cranial Nerve VII

Facial

Primary Function: Mixed

Foramen: Internal acoustic meatus to facial canal; exits at stylomastoid foramen

Innervation: Sensory...taste receptors on anterior 2/3 of tongue & Motor...muscles of facial expression, lacrimal gland, submandibular gland, sublingual salivary glands

Cranial Nerve VIII

Vestibulocochlear

Branches: Cochlear & Vestibular

Priamary Functions: Special Sensory

Foramen: Internal acoustic meatus

Innervation: Cochlea (receptors for hearing), Vestibule (receptors for motor and balance)

Cranial Nerve IX

Glossopharyngeal

Primary Function: Mixed

Foramen: Jugular Foramen

Innervation: Sensory...posterior 1/3 of tongue; pharynx and palate (part); receptors for blood pressure, pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide concentrations; Motor...pharyngeal muscles and parotid salivary gland

Cranial Nerve X

Vagus

Primary Function: Mixed

Foramen: Jugular Foramen

Innervation: Sensory...pharynx; auricle and external acoustic meatus; diaphragm; visceral organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities; Motor...palatal and pharyngeal muscles and visceral organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Cranial Nerve XI

Accessory

Branches: Internal & External

Primary Functions of both: Motor and Proprioception

Foramen: Jugular Foramen

Innervation of Internal branch: Skeletal muscles of palate, pharynx, and larynx (with vagus nerve)

Innervation of external branch: Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles 

Cranial Nerve XII

Hypoglossal

Primary Function: Motor and Proprioception

Foramen: Hypoglossal canal

Innervation: Tongue musculature