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Anatomy- heart, blood vessels
Physiology- pumps blood |
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Definition
Anatomy- mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines (bowel), rectum
Physiology- breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste |
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Anatomy- glands
Physiology- regulates metabolism, stores fat for energy, regulates hormones, repairs injured tissue |
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Anatomy- skin, hair, nails
Physiology- controls temperature, keeps germs out |
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Definition
| Anatomy- bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments |
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Definition
Anatomy- brain, spinal cord, nerves
Physiology- gathers and sends messages throughout the body |
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Definition
Anatomy- nasal passages, mouth, trachea, lungs
Physiology- circulates oxygen and removes carbon dioxide (waste product) |
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Definition
| Anatomy- maintains fluid balance, cleanses the blood, eliminates waste |
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| Potential cardiovascular problems |
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Definition
| Heart muscle loses strength, arteries/veins get narrower, reduced blood flow, less oxygen to body, slower healing |
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| Potential digestive problems |
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Definition
| Less saliva produced, more difficulty swallowing, loss of teeth, harder to chew, less taste, loss of appetite, more frequent constipation, more indigestion |
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| Potential endocrine problems |
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Definition
| Decreased hormone levels, less body water so weight loss, less ability to handle stress, more likely to become I'll, takes longer to get well |
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| Potential musculoskeletal problems |
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Definition
| Muscle atrophy, lose strength, bones lose density and become brittle, joints lose flexibility, gradual hearing loss |
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| Potential nervous problems |
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Definition
| Decreased brain cells, less blood to brain, forgets recent events |
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| Potential reproductive problems |
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Definition
| Less ability to and maintain erections in men, menopause and reduced vaginal lubrication in women |
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| Potential respiratory problems |
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Definition
| Lungs lose strength, more king deposits possible, harder to breathe, increased risk of secretion accumulating in lungs |
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| Potential sensory problems |
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Definition
| Reduced vision and hearing, decreased taste and smell, reduced sense of touch, less likely to feel pain, voice muscles lose strength |
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| Potential integumentary problems |
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Definition
| Skin dries, less elastic, tears easily, wrinkles, age spots appear, skin loses fatty layer so person gets cooler, surface blood vessels weaken, nails thicken, toughen hair turns grey and falls out. Skin bruises easily |
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| Potential urinary problem |
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Definition
| Reduced kidney function, less bladder control, incontinence, more frequent urination |
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Definition
| A disorder that impairs a persons mental ability |
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| When is dementia considered irreversible |
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Definition
| When it is caused by Alzheimer's, strokes, or diseases that affect the nervous system, cardiovascular system, or pulmonary system |
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| What is reality orientation based on |
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Definition
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| What is validation therapy |
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Definition
| You validate the person by accepting his or her feelings and "going with the flow" |
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| How can music be used as therapy |
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Definition
| It can soother and relax the resident and bring back fond memories |
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| How is reminiscing a type of therapy |
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Definition
| Recalling fond memories tends to improve thinking skills and stimulate the senses |
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Term
| What is Alzheimer's disease (AD) |
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Definition
| brain disorder with no known cause or cure. Most common form of dementia |
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| What are some indicators of phase 1 (mild) Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| Brief confusion followed by normal behavior. Reactions are slow, judgement is impaired, and decisions may be difficult |
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| What are some indicators of phase 2 (moderate) Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| Increasing forgetfulness, needs supervison, mood swings, increasingly disoriented and cannot remember people and places, more difficult to speak, attention span becomes shorter |
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| Indication of phase 3 (severe) Alzheimer's |
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Definition
| Resident becomes totally dependent and requires constant supervision, difficulty communicating or using good judgement, does not recognize loved ones, may lose basic abilities |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone who is limited in what they can learn and remember |
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Term
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
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Definition
Permanent lung diseases that interfere with normal breathing and worsens slowly over time.
Includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
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Term
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Definition
| Long term cough due to inflammation and mucous in the bronchial tubes (airway) |
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Definition
| Destroys lung tissue over time. The alveoli (air sacs) become stiff and unable to hold enough air. It becomes difficult to get oxygen into the blood and get carbon dioxide out |
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| What position should residents with breathing problems be kept in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor- a growth or abnormal cells that originate in body tissue and organs and spread to other parts of the body |
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Term
| Factors that contribute to cancer |
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Definition
| Smoking, radiation, genetics, alcohol, certain chemicals and viruses |
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| Early cancer warning signs |
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Definition
| Change in bowel and bladder habits, sore that doesn't heal, unusual bleeding and discharge, lump or thickening, difficulty swallowing or indigestion, obvious change in a wart or mole, nagging cough or hoarseness |
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| Three treatments for cancer |
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Definition
| Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy |
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Definition
| Destroys localized cancer cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses drugs that travel through the bloodstream to destroy cancer cells anywhere in the body |
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| Side effects of cancer treatment |
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Definition
| Nausea, vomiting, irritated skin, dry mouth, fatigue, hair loss |
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Definition
| Organ that manufactures and secretes insulin |
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Definition
| Hormone that regulates and breaks down sugars and starches to convert to energy |
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Term
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Definition
| A disease caused by the body not producing enough insulin |
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Term
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Definition
| Life threatening condition caused by too little insulin or too much sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition resulting from too much insulin or too little sugar |
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| What is the leading cause of death in the United States |
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Definition
| Coronary heart disease (CHD$ |
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| Coronary heart disease (CHD) |
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Definition
| Caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries due to a build up of plaque. Causes cardiac arrest |
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| Myocardial infraction (MI) |
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Definition
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Term
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) |
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Definition
| A condition in which the hearts function as a pump is inadequate |
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Definition
| Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain |
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Definition
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| Generalized absence seizure (petit mal) |
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Definition
| Person looking blank and staring, maybe slight twitching or blinking, lasts a few seconds |
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Term
| Complex partial seizures (psychomotor) |
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Definition
| Starts with an aura, or warning, person appears confused or distracted and may repeat a series of movements |
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Term
| Generalized tonic-clinic seizures (grand mal) |
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Definition
| Common sequence of events includes staring, stiffening of the body, possible blue color around the mouth, convulsions, chest muscles tightening, lasts 5-20 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
Aka cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Brain attack when blood supply to the brain is interrupted by a blood clot |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscular weakness on the affected side |
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Term
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Definition
| Paralysis on the side of the body opposite the affected part of the brain |
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Term
| Three phases of recovery for strokes |
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Definition
Flaccid-affected side remains limp and weak
spastic-affected side develops some muscle tone
recovery-affected side regains use |
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Term
| Transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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Definition
| Mini stroke often a pre warning sign to a stroke |
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