Term
| Specific learning disability |
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Definition
| a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell or do mathematical calculations |
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Term
| Response to intervention model |
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Definition
| a multilevel prevention framework applied in educational settings that is designed to maximize student achievement through the use of data that identifies students at risk for poor learning outcomes combined with evidence based intervention and teaching that is adjusted on the basis of student responsiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the use of interventions tailored to students' individual needs that are selected by a multidisciplinay team of school professionals. |
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Term
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Definition
| describes multidisciplinary approach to evaluation that assimilates input from relevant sources. |
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Term
| Zone of proximal development (ZPD) |
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Definition
the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by individual problem solving, and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.
The amount children are capable of learning without and with adult guidance. |
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Term
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Definition
| desgined to measure accomplishments. |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA routing tests, pretests administered to determine the level of the actual test more appropriate for administration |
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Term
| Curriculum based assessment |
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Definition
| used to refer to assessment of information acquired from teachings at school |
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Term
| Curriculum based measurement |
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Definition
| a type of CBA is characterized by the used of standardized measurement procedures to derivce local norms to be used in evaluation of student performance on curriculum based tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| tend to focus more on informal learning or life experiences whereas achievement tests tend to focus on the learning that has occured as a result of relatively structured input. |
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Term
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Definition
| Typically used to make predictions and are aka aptitude tests |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the physical factors, personality factors, and other factors that are judged necessary for a child to be ready to learn. |
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Term
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Definition
| a questionnaire on which marks are made to indicate the presence or absence of a specified behavior, thought, event or circumstance. |
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Term
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Definition
| a form completed by an evaluator (rater, judge or examiner) to make a judgement of relative standing with regard to a specified variable or list of variables |
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Term
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Definition
| may be defined as a set of co occuring emotional and behavioral problems |
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Term
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Definition
| a typically nonsystematic, relatively brief, and "off the record" assessment leading to the formation of an opinion or attitude conducted by any person in any way, for any reason in an unofficial context that is not subject ot the ethics or other standards of an evaluation by a professional. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to children who have documented difficulties in one or more psychological, social, or academic areas and for whom intervention is or may be required. |
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Term
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Definition
| used in phrases such as evaluative purposes. typically applied to tests or test data that are used to make judgements (such as pass-fail and admit-reject decisions) |
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Term
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Definition
| used in educational contexts (and related phrases such as diagnostic purposes) is typically applied to tests or test data used to pinpoint a students difficulty, used for remedial purposes. |
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Term
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Definition
| a tool used to identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention |
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Term
| Woodcock Reading Mastery tests-Revised |
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Definition
- Paper and pencil measure for reading readiness, achievement and reading difficulties
- takes between 15-45 min
- can be used with children as young as 4.5 -80 y/o
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Term
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Definition
| items that measure the ability to name letters presented in different forms. Both cursive and printed as well as uppercase and lowercase letters are presented. |
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Term
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Definition
| words in isolation arranged in order of increasing difficulty. the student is asked to read each word aloud |
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Term
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Definition
| nonsense syllables that incorporate phonetic as well as structural analysis skills. Student is asked to pronounce each nonsense syllable |
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Term
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Definition
| Items that assess word meaning by using a four part analogy format. |
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Term
| Tests for diagnosing difficulties with arithmetic and math concepts? |
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Definition
| Stanford Diagnostic Mathematics test-fourth ed. and the keymath 3 diagnostic system. |
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Term
| Psychoeducational test batteries |
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Definition
| test kits that generally contain two types of tests: those that measure abilities related to academic success and those that measure educational achievement in areas such as reading and math. |
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Term
| Kaufman Assessment Battery for children (K-ABC) & Kaufman Assessment Battery for children, 2ed (KABC II) |
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Definition
| Designed for test takers from the age 2.5-12.5. Subtests measuring both intelligence and achievement are included. K-ABC, intelligence subtests are divided into two groups, reflecting the two kinds of information-processing skills identified by Luria and his students. |
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Term
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Definition
| a work sample designed to elicit respresentative knowledge, skills, and values from a particular domain of study. |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as an evaluation of performance tasks according to criteria developed by experts from the domain of study tapped by those tasks. |
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Term
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Definition
| synonymous with work sample |
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Term
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Definition
| the evaluation of one's work sample. |
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Term
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Definition
| in educational contexts as evaluation of relevant, meaningful tasks that may be conducted to evaluate learning of academic subject matter but that demonstrate the students' writing skills, for example, would therefore be based on writing samples rather than on responses to multiple choice tests. |
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Term
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Definition
| Method of obtaining information about an individual is by asking that individual's peer group to make the evaluation. |
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Term
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Definition
| a graphic representation of peer appraisal data or other interpersonal information |
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Term
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Definition
| an individuals unique constellation of psychological traits that is relatively stable over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| the measurement and evaluation of psychological traits, states, values, interests, attitudes, worldview, acculturation, sense of humor, cognitive and behavioral styles and or related individual characteristics. |
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Term
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Definition
| any distinguishable relatively enduring way in which one individual varies from another. |
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Term
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Definition
| a constellation of traits that is similar in pattern to one identified category of personality within a taxonomy of personalities. |
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Term
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Definition
| competitiveness, haste, restlessness, impatience, feelings of being time pressured and strong needs for achievement and dominance. |
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Term
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Definition
| opposite of type A---they are mellowed and laid back |
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Term
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Definition
| narrative description, graph, table or other representation of the extent to which a person has demonstrated certain targeted characteristics as a result of the administration or application of tools and assessment. |
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Term
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Definition
| targeted characteristics are typically traits, states or types. |
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Term
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Definition
- a personality state is an inferred psychodynamic disposition designed to convey the dynamic quality of the id, ego,and superego in perpetual conflict.
- refers to the transitory exhibition of some personality trait
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Term
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Definition
| process wherein information about assessess is suplied b the assessess themselves. Self reported information may be obtained in the form of diaries kept by assessess themselves are capable of providing it. |
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Term
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Definition
| ones attitudes, beliefs, opinions, and related thoughts about oneself. |
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument designed to yield information relevant to how an individual sees him or herself with regard to selected psychological variables. |
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Term
| Self Concept Differentiation |
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Definition
| the degree to which a person has different self concepts are likely to perceive themselves quite differently in various roles. |
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Term
| Leniency error, generosity error and severity error |
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Definition
| generalized biases to rate in a particular direction are referred these terms |
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Term
| Error of central tendency |
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Definition
| tendency to rate everyone near midpoint of a rating scale |
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Term
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Definition
| favorable treatment Ex: teacher gives favorable treatment to a specific child because they know the child's family well. |
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Term
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Definition
| a tendency to respond to a test item or interview question in some characteristic manner regardless of the content of the item or question |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual is more likely to responed with "yes, true" than "no,false" |
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Term
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Definition
| used to describe the attempt to manipulate others' impressions through the selective exposure of some information coupled with suppression of other information |
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Term
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Definition
| a subscale of a test designed to assist in judgements regarding how honestly the testtaker responded and whether observed responses were products of response style, carelessness, deliberate efforts to deceive, or unintentional misunderstanding. |
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Term
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Definition
persons pereption about the source of things that happen to him or her.
locus meaning: place or site of control |
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Term
| Internal locus of control |
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Definition
| those who seem themselves are largely responsible for what happens to them |
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Term
| External locus of control |
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Definition
| those who are prone to attribute what happens to them to external factors (such as fate or the actions of others) |
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Term
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Definition
| where the interviewer follows an interview guide and has little leeway in terms of posing questions not in that guide. |
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Term
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Definition
| handwriting analysis for the purpose of deriving insights into personality |
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Term
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Definition
| aspects of the focus of exploration such as the time frame (the past, present, future) as well as other contextual issues that involve people, places and events |
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Term
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Definition
| an assessment technique in which the task is to sort a group of statements, usually in perceived tank order ranging from most descriptive to least descriptive. |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by efforts to learn how a limited number of personality traits can be applied to all people. |
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Term
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Definition
| efforts to learn about each individual's unique constellation of personality traits, with no attempt to characterize each person according to any particular set of traits. |
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Term
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Definition
extraversion--introversion/extraversion
Neuroticisim--low anxiey/ high anxiety
openness---tough-mindedness/receptivity
agreeableness----indepdence/accommodation
conscientiousness-----low self control/ high self control |
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Term
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Definition
| standard on which a judgement or decision can be made |
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Term
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Definition
| a reference group of testtakers who share specific characteristics and whos responses to test items serve as a standard according to which items will be included in or discarded from the final version of the scale |
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Term
| empirical criterion keying |
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Definition
| process of using criterion groups to develop test items |
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Term
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Definition
| where an individual prizes or th ideals an individual believes in |
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Term
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Definition
| guiding principles to help one attain some objective. ex: Honesty, imagination, ambition and cheerfulness |
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Term
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Definition
| guiding principles and a mode of behavior that is an endpoint objective. ex: a comfortable life, an exciting life, a sense of accomplishment, and self respect |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of cognitive and behavioral characteristics by which individuals define themselves as members of a particular group. |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which an individul assumes a pattern of behavior characteristic of other people, and referred to it as one of the "central issues that ethnic minority groups must deal with" |
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Term
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Definition
| unique way people interpret and make sense of their perceptions as a consequence of their learning experiences, cultural background and related variables |
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Term
| Objective methods of personality assessment |
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Definition
| characteristically contain short-answer items for which the assesse's task is to select one response from the two or more provided. |
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Term
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Definition
| an individiual supplies structure to unstructured stimuli in a manner consistent with the individuals own unique pattern of conscious and unconscious needs, fears, desires, impulses, conflicts and ways of perceiving and responding. |
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Term
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Definition
| a technique of personality assessment in which some judgement of the assessee's personality is made on the basis of performance on a task that involves supplying some sort of structure to unstructured or incomplete stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| where the examiner attempts to determine what features of the inkblot played a role in formulating the test taker's perception of an image. |
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Term
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Definition
| enables the examiner to restructure the situation by asking specific questions that provide additional information concerning personality functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| exner's integration of several methods for administering, scoring, and interpreting the rorschach test. This method has been well received and is still currently in use. |
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Term
| Thematic apperception test TAT |
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Definition
| designed as an aid to eliciting fantasy material from patients in psychoanalysis. the stimulus materials consist of 31 cards, one of which is blank. The 30 picture cards, all black and white, contain a variety of scenes designed to present the testtaker with certain classical human situations. Test takers are introduced to the examination with the cover story that it is a test of imagination. |
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Term
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Definition
| perceive in terms of past perceptions. |
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Term
| Henry Murray's concept of; Need |
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Definition
| determinants of behavior arising from within the individual |
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Term
Henry Murray's concept of;
Press |
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Definition
| determinants of behavior arising from within the environment |
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Term
| Henry Murray's concept of; thema |
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Definition
| a unit interaction between needs and press |
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Term
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Definition
| nonconscious influence on behavior typical acquired on the basis of experience |
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Term
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Definition
| a task that may be used in personality assessment in which an assessee verbalizes the first word that comes to mind in response to a stimulus word |
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Term
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Definition
| a semistructured individually adminstered, projective technique of personality assessment that involves the presentation of a list of stimulus words, to each of which an assessee responds verbally or in writing with whatever comes immediately to mind first upon first exposure to the stimulus word. |
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Term
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Definition
| a task in which the assessee is asked to fnish an incomplete sentence or phrase |
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Term
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Definition
| a semistructured projective technique of personality assessment that involves the presentation of a lsit of words that begin a sentence and the assessee's task is to respond by finishing each sentence with whatever word or words come to mind. |
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Term
| sentence completion stems |
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Definition
| the part of the sentence completion item that is not blank but must be created by the test taker. May be developed for use in specific types of settings (school, business) or for specific purposes. |
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Term
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Definition
| a projective method of personality assessment whereby the assessee produces a drawing that is analyzed on the basis of its content and related variables |
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Term
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Definition
| based on analysis of behavior samples including antecedents and consequences |
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Term
| timeline followback (TLFB) methodology |
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Definition
| a way to record the frequency and intensity of target behavior. Has been used to evaluate problem behaviors as diveirse as gambling. |
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Term
| ecological momentary assessment |
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Definition
| behavioral diary keeping methodology that entails the real time recording on a handheld computer, of events related to problem behaviors. |
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Term
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Definition
| technique involves watching activities of targeted clients or research sujects and, typically, maintaining some kind of record of those acitivties. Could be researchers, clinicians, or counselors. |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of systematically observing and recording aspects of one's own behavior and or events related to that behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| possible changes in an assessee's behavior, thinking or performance that may arise in response to being observed, assessed or evaluated. |
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Term
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Definition
| research investigation in which one or more variables are similar or analogous to the real variable that the investigator wishes to examine. |
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Term
| analogue behavioral observation |
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Definition
| the observation of a person or persons in an environment designed to increase the chance that the assessor can observe targeted behaviors and interactions. |
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Term
| situational performance measure |
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Definition
| procedure that allows for observation and evaluation of an individual under a standard set of circumstances. |
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Term
| leaderless group technique |
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Definition
| situational assessment procedure wherein several people are organized into a group for the purpose of carrying out a task as an observer records information related to individual group memers' initiative |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of physiological indicies such as heart rate and blood pressure but are also influenced by psychological factors. |
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Term
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Definition
| generic term that may be defined broadly as a class of psychphysiological assessment techniques designed to gauge, display and record continuous monitoring of selected biological processes such as pulse and blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| biofeedback instrument that records changes in the volume part of the bosy arising from variations in blood supply |
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Term
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Definition
| also an instrument designed to measure changes in blood flow but more specifically blood flow to the penis |
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Term
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Definition
| the record from a study conducted with a penile plethysmograph as a means of compelling them to speak more openly about their thoughts and behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a telling physical trace or record |
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Term
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Definition
| a behavioral rating may be excessively positive or negative because of a prior rating was excessively negative or positive |
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Term
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Definition
| an averaging of multiple judgements |
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Term
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Definition
branch of psychology that has its primary focus the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior
they primarily focus their research and treatment on more severe forms of behavior pathology |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of psychology that is concerned with the prevention diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of psychology that is concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior. They tend to focus more on everyday types of concerns and problems such as marriage, family, academics and career. |
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Term
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Definition
| level of psychological and physical performance prior to the development of a disorder, illness or disability |
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Term
| Evolutionary view of mental disorder |
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Definition
| view that an attribution of mental disordoer requires a scientific judgement (from an evolutionary perspective) that there exists a failure of function as well as a value judgement (from the perspective of social values) that the failur is harmful to the individual |
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Term
| Biopsychosocial assessment |
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Definition
| a multidisciplinary approach to assessment that includes exploration of relevant biological, psychological, social, cultural, and environmental variables for the purpose of evaluating how such variables may have contributed to the development and maintenance of a presenting problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| the belief that what happens in life is largely beyond a person's control |
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Term
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Definition
| confidence in one's own ability to accomplish a task |
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Term
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Definition
| expressions of understanding acceptance, empathy, love, advice, guidance, care, concern or trust from friends, family, community caregivers, or others in ones social environment |
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Term
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Definition
| an agreement between client and therapist setting forth goals, expectations, and mutual obligations with regard to a course of therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| general name applied to any interview where one objective is to place the interviewee in a pressured state for some particular reason |
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Term
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Definition
| may be conducted as part of a theraputic assessment or intervention when the intervieww has been an eyewitness to a crime or related situations |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of hypnotice interview without the hypnotic induction; the interviewee is encouraged to use imagery and focused retrieval to recall information |
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Term
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Definition
| used in clinical psych; a helping, open ended interview wherein both parties work together on a common mission of discovery, insight, and enlightenment |
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Term
| mental status examination |
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Definition
used to screen intellectual, emotional and neurological deficitis, typically includes questioning or observation with respect to each area discussed in the following list;
appearance, behavior, orientation, memory, sensorium, psychomotor activity, state of consciousness, affect, mood, and personality |
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Term
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Definition
| is assessed by using straight forward questions in a mental status exam. if the person is oriented to person, place and time, the assessor may note in the record of the assessment that the patient is oriented x 3 |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the group of tests adminsitered together to gather information about an individual from a variety of instruments |
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Term
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Definition
| referred to as a group of tests including one intelligence test, at least one personality test, and a test desgined to screen for neurological deficit. |
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Term
| culturally informed psychological assessment |
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Definition
| an approach to evaluation that is keenly perspective and responsive to issues of acculturation, values, identity, worldview, language and other culture related variables as they may impact the evaluation process of the interpretation of resulting data. |
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Term
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Definition
| health care system wherein the products and services provided to patients by an adminsitrative agency of the insurer that works to keep costs down by fixing schedules of reimbursement to service providers |
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Term
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Definition
| results in finding of a new identity |
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Term
| forensic psychological assessment |
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Definition
| the theory and application of psychological evaluation and measurement in a legal context. |
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Term
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Definition
the right or wrong test.
Could be seen as the insanity plea, where the law decides that the perpetraitor was not aware of what he was doing. |
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Term
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Definition
| a standard of legal insanity in durham vs united states wherein the defendant was not found culpablefor crminal action it is unlawful act was the product of a mental disease or defect |
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Term
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Definition
| american law institute standard of legal insanity, which provides that a person is not responsible for criminal conduct if, at the time of such conduct, the person lacked substantial capacity either to appreciate the criminality of the conduct or to conform the conduct to the requirements of the law |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagnosis that describes individuals with few inhibitions who may pursue pleasure or money with callous disregard for the welfar of others |
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Term
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Definition
| a crime solving process that draw upon psychological and criminological expertise applied to the study of crime scene evidence |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological harm or damage. the term used synonymously with mental suffering, pain and suffering and emotional harm. |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological assessment of parents or guardians and their parental capacity and or of children and their parental needs and preferences--usually undertaken for the purpose of assisting a court in making a decision about awarding custody. |
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Term
| anatomically detailed dolls (add) |
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Definition
| dolls that have an accurately detailed genetalia |
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Term
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Definition
| report on the findings from assessment and measures |
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Term
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Definition
| the consequences of ones belief that a vague personality description truuly describes oneself when in reality that description may apply to almsot anyone; sometimes referred to as the "aunt fanny effect" because the same personality might be applied to anyones aunt fanny. |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach to evaluation characterized by the application of empirically demonstrated statistical rules as a determining factor in the assessor's judgement and actions |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach to predicting behavior based on the application of empirically demonstrated stat rules and probabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| the application of clinicians own training and clinical experience as a determining factor in clinical judgement and actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| the application of empirically demonstrated stat rules and probabilities as well as computer algorithms to the computer generation of findings and recommendations. |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of medicine that focuses on the nervous system and its disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on the relationsip between brain functioning and behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| subspecialty within the medical specialty of neurology that also focuses on brain behavior relationships. It has more of a biomedical than behavioral emphasis |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of medicine that focuses on problems related to hearing, balance and facial nerves |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
| consist of the neurons that convery messages to and from the rest of the body. viewed from the top, the large, rounded portion of the brain (cerebrum) can be divided into two sections or hemispheres. |
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Term
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Definition
| phenomenon resulting from the fact that each of the two cerebral hemispheres receives sensory information from the opposite side of the body and also controls motor responses on the opposite side of the body, understanding of this is necessary in understanding brain behavior relationships and in diagnosing neuropsychological deficits |
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Term
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Definition
| impairment, injury, harm or loss of function of any part of process of the central or periphreal nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| a pathological alteration of tissue as might result from injury or infection |
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