Term
| What are the three things the endocrine system controls? |
|
Definition
|
·Unconsious regulatory body functions
o Reproduction
o Growth & development
o Maintain internal environment
o Energy production, use and storage
· Hormone
o Blood born chemical messenger that effects target cells in organs distant from the secreting organ
· Gland
o Creates and secretes hormones |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 ways hormones are classified? |
|
Definition
|
· Peptides & Amines-
o Example Norepi
o water soluable and activate receptors on cells ( go about on their own dissolved in blood and hook up to receptors.)
· Steroid-
o Lipid soluable
o Do not hook up to membrane receptor!!! Instead they Diffuse through cell membrane to activate intracellular process.
o Do not Dissolve in blood they need a protein(Globulin) transport molecules around. |
|
|
Term
| How are hormones released? |
|
Definition
|
· circadiam(natural) rythm example Cortisol or negative feedback mechanisms |
|
|
Term
| Which hormones attach to receptors on cell membranes? |
|
Definition
- Peptides & Amines the hormones that are water soluble
- A cell will only respond if it has receptors for the hormone
- Different cells respond differently to the same hormone
|
|
|
Term
| How is the release of hormones controlled? |
|
Definition
o Up- Regulation- not enough hormone- The cell makes more hormone receptors
o Down- Regulation- too much hormone- The cell makes fewer hormone receptors |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of receptors? |
|
Definition
|
· Primary messenger- make directly happen
o Has a direct effect, Amines, Hormone will hook up to a receptor and have a direct effect on the cell
· Secondary Messenger-activate processes that make other things happen
o Hormones hooks up to a G Protien to activate a sequence of events inside the cell to make other things happen inside the body |
|
|
Term
How do hormones effect-
- Endocrine Gland?
- Paracine?
- Autocrine?
|
|
Definition
|
o1. Endocrine gland (thyroid)- Substances released and then they have effect else where on body
2. Paracrine- Created used nearby in local area don’t have to travel somewhere else (sex hormones)
3. Autocrine- Used directly by the cells that create them example estrogen on the ovary |
|
|
Term
| How are hormones classified? |
|
Definition
|
according to structure and ability to get around on own or not
|
|
|
Term
| What are 3 examples of amino acides? |
|
Definition
|
o Epinephrine, dopamine, T3 & T4 |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of Protiens (polypeptides)? |
|
Definition
|
o Insuline, glucagon, trophic hormones |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of cholesterol (steroid hormones) |
|
Definition
|
o Cortisole, aldosterone, testerone |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of fatty acides? |
|
Definition
|
o Ecosanoids(hormones- like actions Arachonic Acid) |
|
|
Term
|
Hormone Degradation- Hormone destroyed after it job comeplete
What are the 3 ways?
|
|
Definition
|
o Destroyed by enzymes at the receptor site
o Epi & dopamine
o They may be taken up by cells and destroyed
o Peptide hormones- absorbed by cells and broken down
o They may be destroyed in the liver and passed in the bile
o Steroid hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Hypothalamus Regulation Of The Body |
|
Definition
|
o Temp
o Blood osmolality
o Blood nutrients
o Blood hormone levels
o Inflammatory mediators in blood
o Emotions
o Pain |
|
|
Term
| What does the hypothalmus releasing hormone do? |
|
Definition
|
o Creates Releasing hormones when Hypothalamus recognizes a need for something it sends the Releasing hormones to the pituitary via Hypophyseal portal system
o Brings 02 blood to the Hypothalamus and the Pituitary
o Creates Sinousoids or fluid flow so the hormones can get down where they need to be |
|
|
Term
| How does the Pituitary respond to the releasing hormone? |
|
Definition
|
Pituitary Responds to the Releasing Hormones by creating Trophic Hormone
o Comes from Pituitary and are released and go to the target gland and tell gland to grown and release what hormones they are suppose to. |
|
|
Term
| From the begining Hypothalmus concept map... Starts with CNS input |
|
Definition
|
1. CNS INPUT
2. HYPOTHALMUS – responds and secretes
3. RELEASING HORMONE – to the
4. ANTERIOR PITUITARY- makes
5. TROPIC HORMONE- Hits
6. TARGET GLAND-create w/e hormone is needed and create Neg feed back, Tells ANT P- I got the hormone going which tells the Hypothalmus, this stops the releasing hormone and stops the tropic hormone
7. HORMONE-
8. TARGET CELL
9. PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECT |
|
|
