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Contract Law Vocab for Gwen's Students
Terminology for Contracts Law
70
Law
Undergraduate 2
04/16/2018

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Term
A enters into a k with B for the sale of cocaine. How are illegal contracts categorized?
Definition
Void.
Term
Abigail completed her law class, handed in all of her study guides and submitted her homework. As far as her side of the contract is concerned, Abigail is...?
Definition
Discharged.
Term
As a general rule, how would you classify a statement appearing in a newspaper, on the internet or on the radio that states, "Shirts for sale for $5.00."
Definition
A preliminary negotiation.
Term
Dr. Joe is the best dentist in Tinytown. He also runs a very profitable investment firm on the side. One day, while working on a patient, he tells her about a new get rich scheme in which she could invest. The patient trusts Joe with her teeth, so she decides to also invest in his scheme. After losing all of her money, the patient could successfully sue Dr. Joe under what theory?
Definition
Undue influence.
Term
Dustin placed an ad on Craig's List in which he offered to sell his apartment house to the first person to offer him $450,000. Sally Fields wrote back, "I accept." On the day of the closing, Dustin met Sally at his attorney's office and realized she was only 14 years old. True or False. Dustin can get out of the contract.
Definition
False. Only the minor can disaffirm.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields for $4500. Before Sally could accept, Dustin said, "Never mind." What is this an example of?
Definition
Revocation.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields for $4500. Before Sally could accept, Dustin said, "Never mind." Who now has the power of acceptance?
Definition
No one.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields for $4500. Sally wrote back, "I accept, but for $4000." What is this an example of?
Definition
A counter-offer.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields for $4500. Sally wrote back, "I accept, but for $4000." Who now has the power of acceptance?
Definition
The original offeree becomes the offeror, so Sally.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields. Before Sally could accept, Dustin died. This is called...
Definition
Termination by operation of law.
Term
Dustin promised in writing to sell his Mazda Miata to Sally Fields. Sally paid Dustin $100 to hold open the offer and Dustin accepted. Subsequently, Dustin sold the car to Bert Reynolds. In a lawsuit by Sally against Dustin why would she win?
Definition
Because this is a valid option contract.
Term
Gwen was tired of making up flashcards for her students and wanted to play instead. In order to encourage her to finish, the dean promised Gwen an extra $100 to finish the flashcards. Why is this problem unenforceable?
Definition
The promise to pay the money did not induce a legal detriment because Gwen was already previously, legally bound to teach her students.
Term
If A mistakenly tells B that she is thinking about selling her goats, when in fact A meant to offer the goats to C, why is this not an offer?
Definition
The offer was not communicated to the offeree.
Term
If A tells B that she is thinking about selling her goats, why is this not an offer?
Definition
The language is not definite and certain.
Term
If Alicia wakes up in the hospital after suffering a head trauma, what is the hospital's best argument for receiving payment?
Definition
An implied in law contract; or a quasi-contract.
Term
If Angelina hires Brad to deliver to her a kilo of heroin, what is the name given to this contract?
Definition
Illegal. A contract to commit a crime.
Term
If Bert agrees in writing to sell his car to Matilda and before she accepts Bert says he doesn't want to be in the contract, what is this called?
Definition
Revocation.
Term
If Bert agrees in writing to sell his car to Matilda for $45,000 and she writes back "I accept the car for $43,000." what effect does this response have on Bert's offer?
Definition
It kills the original offer.
Term
If Bert agrees in writing to sell his car to Matilda for $45,000 and she writes back "I accept the car for $43,000." what effect does this response have on who the parties are?
Definition
Matilda is now the offeror and Bert is the offeree.
Term
If Bert agrees in writing to sell his car to Matilda for $45,000 and she writes back "I accept the car for $43,000." what is the name given to her response?
Definition
A counter-offer.
Term
If Bob pays Gretta $394 to hold open an offer, this formed what type of contract?
Definition
An option contract.
Term
If Bob promises to buy Robert a car, why is there no contract?
Definition
This is a gift because the promise did not induce a detriment.
Term
If Maria borrows $500 from Elbridge, what name is given to Elbridge?
Definition
He is the creditor.
Term
If Maria borrows $500 from Elbridge, what name is given to Maria?
Definition
She is the debtor.
Term
If Martha has not been adjudicated insane but is in court trying to get out of the contract, who has the burden of proof?
Definition
She does. And if she succeeds the contract is voidable.
Term
If Martha is adjudicated non compos mentis by a court what does this make her contracts?
Definition
Void
Term
If Martha lacks competency but has never been adjudicated insane, what does this make her contracts?
Definition
Voidable
Term
If Talia pushes Justin away from a speeding train, and as a result Justin promises Talia a $10,000 reward, why is this not enforceable?
Definition
The promise did not induce the detriment; this is past consideration.
Term
If Wilbur agrees to purchase 1000 or more baskets for his fruit grove, why has he not entered into a contract?
Definition
There is no definite quantity.
Term
If the United States government offers a $1000 reward for information leading to the arrest of John Wilkes Boothe, what type of contract does this form?
Definition
Unilateral.
Term
If the United States government places information in a newspaper that offers a $1000 reward for information leading to the arrest of John Wilkes Boothe, why is that an offer?
Definition
It limits the class of offerees.
Term
If the elements of an offer are missing, this is the name of what has occurred.
Definition
A preliminary negotiation.
Term
In contract formation, the name given to how the parties appear to a reasonable third party is called...
Definition
The objective test
Term
The offeree has this.
Definition
The power of acceptance.
Term
To determine compensatory damages, the parties must establish two prices. The first is__________ and the second is_________
Definition
The original k price
The second is the cost of substitute goods
Term
To distinguish an offer from a preliminary negotiation, we say the language must be this....
Definition
Definite and certain
Term
What contracts are under the UCC?
Definition
Contracts for the sale of goods.
Term
What contracts are under the common law?
Definition
Contracts for the sale of real estate, land and contracts for services (employment).
Term
What does an implied in law contract prevent?
Definition
Unjust enrichment.
Term
What does an offer create in the offeree?
Definition
The power of acceptance.
Term
What does language of an offer have to be to form a contract?
Definition
Definite and certain.
Term
What is a contract that is a promise for a promise?
Definition
Bilateral.
Term
What is a contract that is a promise for an act?
Definition
Unilateral
Term
What is an example of a formal contract?
Definition
A check.
Term
What is restitution?
Definition
Placing the non-breaching party in as good a position as he/she would have been had there not been a breach.
Term
What is the burden of proof in a contracts dispute?
Definition
A preponderance of the evidence.
Term
What is the definition of the burden of proof in a contracts dispute?
Definition
The plaintiff must convince a majority of the jury; and that majority must each be convinced by 51% or more.
Term
What is the difference between a contract and a gift?
Definition
A gift lacks consideration.
Term
What is the effect of a counter offer on the original offer?
Definition
It kills the original offer.
Term
What is the effect of a counter offer on the status of the parties?
Definition
The parties switch positions: the offeror becomes the offeree and vice versa.
Term
What is the name given to a contract missing one or more of the elements of a contract?
Definition
A void contract.
Term
What is the name given to a contract that is a promise for a promise?
Definition
A bilateral contract.
Term
What is the name given to a contract that is a promise for an act?
Definition
A unilateral contract.
Term
What is the name given to a contract that states, "I agree to sell you all of the poker chips that our factory can produce"?
Definition
An output requirement contract
Term
What is the name given to the time period in which to sue a defendant?
Definition
The statute of limitations.
Term
What is the name of a contract entered into by a minor?
Definition
A voidable contract.
Term
What is the name of a contract in which all of the parties have performed?
Definition
Executed.
Term
What is the name of a contract that has all five elements of a contract?
Definition
Valid.
Term
What is the name of a contract that has all five elements through pantomime or gestures?
Definition
Implied in fact.
Term
What is the name of a contract that has all five elements?
Definition
Valid
Term
What is the name of a contract that is formed orally or in writing?
Definition
Express.
Term
What is the name of a contract that is missing one or more of the elements of a k, but to prevent unjust enrichment the k will find this k exists.
Definition
Implied in law.
Term
What is the name of a contract that is not yet fully performed?
Definition
Executory.
Term
What is the name of a contract that must be in a particular form to be enforceable?
Definition
A formal contract.
Term
What is the name of a contract whose purpose is to prevent unjust enrichment?
Definition
Quasi contract or implied-in-law contract.
Term
What is the name of acceptance under the common law?
Definition
Mirror image rule.
Term
What is the name of the test best illustrated by the case Lucy v. Zehmer?
Definition
The objective test.
Term
When can a bilateral contract be revoked?
Definition
Prior to acceptance.
Term
When can a unilateral k be revoked?
Definition
Prior to the start of the act.
Term
Why does a large communicating medium NOT create a contract?
Definition
There are too many potential offerees to have a power of acceptance in any one person.
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