Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which cancers do oral contraceptives protect from? |
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Definition
| - ovarian and endometrial |
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Term
| ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS - oral conraceptives (9) |
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Definition
1. History of thromboembolic disorders
2. Hx of CVA
3. CAD
4. Known or suspected breast carcinoma
5. Known or suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia
6. Pregnancy
7. Benign or malignant liver tumor; impaired liver function
8. Previous cholelithiasis during pregnancy
9. Undiagnosed, abnormal uterine bleeding |
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Term
| progestin-only pills are for who? |
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Definition
| - breast feeding, migraine women, or contraindication to combo pills |
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Term
| Adverse effects - OCPs (8) |
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Definition
1. Abnormal menstrual bleeding
2. Amenorrhea/hypermenorrhea
3. Birth defects
4. Cancer - breast
5. HTN
6. Progestins - weight gain, increased appetite, fatigue, depression, acne, hirsutism
7. Estrogen - nausea, edema, breast tenderness
8. thromboembolic disorders - especially in heavy smokers |
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Term
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Definition
| nausea, edema, breast tenderness |
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Term
| OCPs drug-drug interactions |
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Definition
- antibiotics and anticonvulsants decrease effectiveness of OCP
- OCS decrease effectiveness of warfarin, insulin, and certain hypoglycemics |
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Term
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Definition
| - AMA, smoking, and hypertensive |
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Term
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Definition
Use: put in once a month for 21 days EXACTLY, put in a new on EXACT SAME DAY OF THE WEEK
** can be out for 3 hours
1. Releases synthetic estrogen and progestin (etonogestrel), providing pregnancy protection for 1 month
2. Release of hormones is activated by vaginal contact
3. Prevents ovulation; thickens the cervical mucus, inhibiting sperm penetration
4. May alter the endometrium to affect implantation
5. no other vaginal device can be used as backup method
6. may worse depression |
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Term
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Definition
Use: apply on arm, butt, torso, or abdomen, replace every week, then no patch on the last week
*can only be out for 24 hours
*Reduced effectiveness in women >90 kg
*DO NOT APPLY ON BREASTS
- releases synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and progestin (norelgestromin) to prevent pregnancy
- primarily prevents ovulation |
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Term
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Definition
Use: Deep IM injection every 3 months w/ 2 week grace period, if greater than that...PREGNANCY TEST
*- REDUCTION IN BONE DENSITY
- DELAYED RETURN OF FERTILITY
- long acting progestin
- Suppresses FSH and LH, thus blocking the LH surge, which will inhibit ovulation
- thickens cervical mucus which interferes with sperm transport and penetration
- alters the endometrium by creating a thin, atrophic lining |
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Term
| Which has delayed return of fertility |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Use: arm every 3 years
- etonogestrel - PROGESTIN ONLY
- decreased anemia, scant or absent menses
- decreased menstrual cramps/ovulatory pain
- decreases risk of endometrial cancer |
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Term
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Definition
1. Copper-releasing (Paragard): a T-shaped plastic device wrapped with fine copper wire; can remain in the uterus up to 10 years
2. Progestin-Releasing (Mirena): A T-shaped plastic device also known as a levonorgestrel-relasing intrauterine system; can remain in the uterus up to 5 years
- insert anytime during cycle; expulsion greater during menses
- can insert 4-8 weeks postpartum
- Mirena: 2 week grace period, use backup |
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Term
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Definition
- Mirena may decrease menstrual loss and dysmenorrhea and CAN PREVENT ASHERMAN's SYNDROME
- pain and cramping may occur (up to 40% of removals is due to this)
- Pregnancy: spontaneous abortion in up to 50% of cases if left in, ectopic in 5% of users
- risk of PID is highest in first 6 weeks after insertion |
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Term
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Definition
- dome-shaped latex rubber cup, barrier
- NEEDS TO BE REFITTED IF weight gain EXCEEDS 20 LBS
- must be left in vagina for at least 6 hours following sex
- for repeat intercourse: do NOT remove diaphragm, instill spermicide
- OTC |
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Term
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Definition
Use: * Use cord loop attachment
- 6-6-12 hour rule
- insert 6 hours before, leave in for 6 hours, provides protection for up to 12 hours
- DO NOT LEAVE IN FOR MORE THAN 30 HOURS
- disposable, round barrier or soft polyurethane which fits over the cervix, similar to a diaphragm, containing spermicides |
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Term
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Definition
- STD protection is ONLY for latex
- failure rate: male = 12%, female = 21%
- leave 1/2 inch of empty space at end of condom
- effectiveness is increased if used with spermicide |
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Term
| Emergency Contraception: 2 types |
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Definition
1. Levonorgestrel (Plan B): morning after pill
- OTC, w/o prescription for 17 years of age and older
- those under 17 need a prescription
- should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse
- NO abortion
- lots of nausea
- changes of next period: may increase length
2. IUD: COPPER IUD
- MUST BE INSERTED WITHIN 5-6 DAYS OF INTERCOURSE
- WAY more effective |
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Term
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Definition
1. Calendar method
2. Basal Body Temperature (BBT) graph
3. Cervical mucus test (Billings test)
4. Symptothermal Method
5. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (prolonged breast feeding) |
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Term
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Definition
- serial cycles, identifying longest and shortest cycles
- SUBTRACT 18 days from shortest cycle (earliest day of fertility) and 11 days from longest cycle (latest day of fertility) |
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Term
| Basal Body Temperature Graph (BBT) |
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Definition
- record daily BBT prior to rising in AM over a 3-4 month period
- temp drops 12-24 hours prior to ovulation; rises following ovulation due to production of progesterone
**avoid sex from 2-3 days before expected drop to about 3 days after rise |
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Term
| Cervical Mucus Test (Billings test) |
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Definition
- record changes in cervical mucus (Spinnbarkeit) over 3-4 month period
- notice when mucus changes from scant and thick amounts to thin, with increasing Spinnbarkeit
**abstain from time of mucus change until approximately 4 days after change (mucus will resume thickness) |
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Term
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Definition
| - combines both basal body temperature and cervical mucus techniques |
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Term
| Lactational Amenorrhea Method (prolonged breast-feeding) |
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Definition
| - breastfeeding often delays the onset of ovulation and menstruation for about 6 months |
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Term
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Definition
ACHES
- Abdominal pain, Chest pain, Headaches, Eye problems, Severe leg pain |
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