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Consumer Behavior
Chapter 4
32
Marketing
Undergraduate 4
07/20/2012

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Term
Perception
Definition
The process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensations into a meaningful whole
Term
Exposure
Definition
The act of deliberately or accidentally coming into contact with stimuli
Term
Attention
Definition
The allocation of mental capacity to a stimulus
Term
Sensation
Definition
Responses of the sensory receptors to a stimulus and transmission of this information to the brain
Term
Perceptual Overloading
Definition
The unavailability to perceive all stimuli competing for ones attention
Term
Perceptual Vigilance
Definition
The ability to disregard much of the stimulation one receives
Term
Selective Exposure
Definition
A tendency of people to ignore media and ads that address topics that are unimportant to them
Term
Selective Attention
Definition
A tendency of individuals to heed information that interests them and to avoid information that is irrelevant
Term
Perceptual defense
Definition
A tendency to block threatening or contradictory stimuli from extensive conscious processing
Term
Selective Sensitization
Definition
A tendency to perceive more readily information that is consistent with ones needs and beliefs
Term
Selective Interpretation
Definition
Combining perceived stimuli with our prior learning, experience, expectations, and intentions to derive their meaning
Term
Adaptation levels
Definition
Indifference to a stimulus to which one has become accustomed
Term
Stimulus factors
Definition
The physical characteristics of an object such as its size, color, and shape that produce a physiological impulse in an individual
Term
Individual factors
Definition
Qualities of individuals such as their needs, interests, and experiences that influence their interpretation of the impulse
Term
Chunk
Definition
An organized grouping of data inputs
Term
Absolute threshold
Definition
Lowest intensity level at which one can detect a stimulus
Term
Terminal Threshold
Definition
A point beyond which intensity increases of a stimulus produce no greater sensation
Term
Differential Threshold (JND)
Definition
The smallest increment in the intensity of a stimulus that one can detect
Term
Situational Variables
Definition
Are environmental circumstances that constitute the context within which purchases occur
Term
Gestalt
Definition
A modern view that we perceive cohesive wholes and formulate total impressions rather than note solitary stimuli
Term
Closure
Definition
Our tendency to perceive a complete object even through some parts are missing
Term
Grouping
Definition
Our tendency to perceive large data chunks rather than small units
Term
Figure and Ground
Definition
Objects or figures are perceive in relationship to background
Term
Perceptual Categorization
Definition
The tendency to group somewhat similar objects together
Term
Surrogate Indicators
Definition
Cues that we rely on to place products into categories
Term
Prototype Matching
Definition
Our tendency to compare brands in a products category to the categories leading brand
Term
Perceptual inferences
Definition
Beliefs used on prior experience that a person assigns to products or stores
Term
Halo effect
Definition
Generalized impressions we form about products, brands, or stores to simplify shopping
Term
Schema
Definition
A structure for evaluating and interpreting incoming information
Term
Scripts
Definition
Appropriate behaviors or steps that we expect to go through in order to perform a familiar task
Term
Imagery
Definition
The process by which we visualize sensory information in our working memory
Term
Brand Equity
Definition
The added value that a brand name brings to a product beyond the times functional value
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