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Consumer Behavior Ch. 2 Key Words
key words and definitions
45
Marketing
Undergraduate 3
01/30/2011

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Term
Absolute Threshold
Definition
the minimum amount of stimulation that can be detected on a given sensory channel
Term
Adaptation
Definition
the process that occurs when a sensation becomes so familiar that it no longer commands attention
Term
Attention
Definition
the assignment of processing activity to selected stimuli
Term
Autotelics
Definition
individuals who enjoy touching products to experience them
Term
Closure Principle
Definition
the gestalt principle that describes a person's tendency to supply missing information in order to perceive a holistic image
Term
Contrast
Definition
stimuli that differ from others around them
Term
Differential Threshold
Definition
the ability of a sensory system to detect changes or differences among stimuli
Term
Embeds
Definition
tiny figures inserted into magazine advertising by using, high-speed photography or airbrushing. these hidden figures, usually of a sexual nature, supposedly exert strong but unconscious influences on innocent readers
Term
Experience
Definition
the result of acquiring and processing stimulation over time
Term
Exposure
Definition
an initial stage of perception during which some sensations come within range of consumers' sensory receptors
Term
Figure-Ground Principle
Definition
the gestalt principle whereby one part of a stimulus configuration dominates a situation whereas other aspects recede into the background
Term
Gestalt
Definition
meaning derived form the totality of a set of stimuli, rather than from any individual stimulus
Term
Hedonic Consumption
Definition
that multisensory, fantasy, and emotional aspects of consumers' interactions with products
Term
Hyperreality
Definition
the becoming real of what is initially simulation of "hype"
Term
Icon
Definition
a sign that resembles the product in some way
Term
Index
Definition
a sign that is connected to a product because they share some property
Term
Interpretant
Definition
the meaning derived from a sign or symbol
Term
Interpretation
Definition
the process whereby meanings are assigned to stimuli
Term
j.n.d.
Definition
just-noticeable-differences; the minimum difference between two stimuli that can be detected by the perceiver
Term
Kansel Engineering
Definition
a Japanese philosophy that translates customers' feelings into design elements
Term
Multitasking
Definition
processing information from more than one medium at a time
Term
Object
Definition
in semiotic terms,the product that is the focus of a message
Term
Perception
Definition
the process by which stimuli are selected, organized, and interpreted
Term
Perceptual Defense
Definition
the tendency for consumers to avoid processing stimuli that are threatening to them
Term
Perceptual Filters
Definition
past experiences that influence what stimuli we decide to process
Term
Perceptual Map
Definition
a research tool used to understand how a brand is positioned in consumers' minds relative to competitors
Term
Perceptual Selection
Definition
process by which people attend to only a small portion of the stimuli to which they are exposed
Term
Perceptual Vigilance
Definition
the tendency for consumers to be more aware of stimuli that relate to their current needs
Term
Positioning Strategy
Definition
an organization's use of elements in the marketing mix to influence the consumer's interpretation of a product's meaning vis-a-vis competitors
Term
Priming
Definition
properties of a stimulus that evoke a schema that leads us to compare the stimulus to other similar ones we encountered in the past
Term
Principle of Similarity
Definition
the gestalt principle that describes how consumers tend to group objects that share similar physical characteristics
Term
Psychophysics
Definition
the science that focuses on how the physical environment is integrated into the consumer's subjective experience
Term
Reverse Product Placement
Definition
fictional products that appear in TV shows or movies become popular in the real world
Term
Rich Media
Definition
elements of an online ad that employ movement to gain attention
Term
Schema
Definition
an organized collection of beliefs and feelings represented in a cognitive categoy
Term
Semiotics
Definition
a field of study that examines the correspondence between signs and symbols and the meaning or meanings they convey
Term
Sensation
Definition
the imediate response of sensory receptors to such basic stimuli as light, color, sound, odors, and textures
Term
Sensory Marketing
Definition
marketing strategies that focus on the impact of sensations on our product experiences
Term
Sensory Overload
Definition
a condition where consumers are exposed to far more information than they can process
Term
Sensory Signature
Definition
a unique characteristic of a brand conveyed on a perceptual channel
Term
Sign
Definition
the sensory imagery that represents the intended meanings of the object
Term
Subliminal Perception
Definition
the processing of stimuli presented below the level of the consumer's awareness
Term
Symbol
Definition
a sign that is related to a product through either conventional or agreed-on associations
Term
Trade Dress
Definition
color combinations that become strongly associated with a corporation
Term
Weber's Law
Definition
the principle that the stronger the initial stimulus, the greater its change must be for it to be noticed
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