Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Consciousness, Learning, Cognition
Psychology
37
Psychology
12th Grade
11/18/2011

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Cards

Term
Habituation
Definition

Learning not to respond to something.

 

 

 

I'm no longer afraid of sounds in my house because I know it doesn't harm me.

Term
Mere Exposure Effect
Definition

Prefer a sitmulus because you've seen it before.

 

 

 

 

I prefer brown hair.

Term
Associative Learning
Definition
Connecting 2 things that are happening at the same time.
Term
Ivan Pavlov
Definition

Russian physiologist who studied salivation in dogs.

 

 

 

 

Ivan Pavlov made me understand how to condition a stimulus.

Term
Respondent Behaviour 
Definition

Reflexive behaviours.

 

 

 

 

I twitch, I breathe, I move away from hitting ball.

Term
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Definition

Something that is irrevelant to the world or you.

 

 

 

 

A bell and salivation.

Term
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
Definition

Automatically, naturally, triggers a response.

 

 

 

 

The smell of food caused the dog to salivate.

Term
Unconditioned Response
Definition

Occurs naturally to unconditioned stimulus.

 

 

 

 

The dog salivates to the smell of the food.

Term
Conditioned Stimulus
Definition

A stimulus that is learned.

 

 

 

 

 

The dog salivates to a ringing bell because the bell represents the food coming.

Term
Conditioned Response
Definition

The learned response to a stimulus.

 

 

 

 

 

The dog salivates to the sound of the bell.

Term
Acquisition
Definition

Response acquired

 

 

 

 

 

It takes 15 rings for the dog to salivate to the bell.

Term
Generalization
Definition

Respond the same to slightly different stimuli.

 

 

 

 

A different ring of bell.

Term
Learning Helplessness
Definition

No care, give up

 

 

 

 

You give up learning the content because you don't get it.

Term
Taste-Aversion Learning
Definition

Causing distaste for a certain food.

 

 

 

 

 

Term
Operant Behaviour
Definition

Learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behaviour.

 

 

 

My mom takes away my phone because I got a D in math.

 

 

 

 

Term
Law of Effect
Definition

Trial and error.

 

 

 

 

Math problems are trial and error.

Term
Shaping
Definition

Shaping something to do something.

 

 

 

 

Shaping rat to push a lever.

Term
Discriminative Stimulus
Definition

Brings out response because it's associated with reinforcer.

 

 

 

 

Stopping because you see a stop sign.

Term
Reinforcer
Definition

Stimulus that strenghtens or weakens the beahviour that produced it.

 

 

 

Giving treats to a dog because they peed outside.

Term
Positive Reinforcement
Definition

Anything that follows a behaviour that makes it more likely for the bahaviour to happen again.

 

 

 

Cookie to a child because they ate the whole dinner.

Term
Negative Reinforcement
Definition

Removal of a reinforcer which strenghtens behaviour.

 

 

 

 

I put on sunscreen to avoid getting suburned.

Term
Primary Reinforcement
Definition

NATURAL reinforcer.

 

 

 

 

I breathe to live, I sleep to rest, I eat to feed hunger.

Term
Secondary Reinforcer
Definition

Represents primary reinforcer.

 

 

 

 

 

You live because you breathe.

Term
Continuous Reinforcement
Definition

A desired behaviour is reinforced every time it occurs.







The mouse finds the exit to the maze and gets cheese. 5x

Term
Intermittent Reinforcement
Definition

Reinforces behaviour some of the time.

 

 

 

The mose recieves a piece of cheese every other time it finds it.

Term
Fixed Ratio
Definition

Only after a specified number of reponses.

 

 

 

Sell 10 shirts, get paycheck.

Term
Variable ratio
Definition

Reinforced after an unpredicatble number of responses.

 

 

 

Gambling, money slots

Term
Fixed Interval
Definition

Reinforced after a 'specific' time.

 

 

 

 

Paycheck every 2 weeks.

Term
Variable Interval
Definition

Rewarded after an unpredictable amount of response.

 

 

 

 

Slow steady pace of response.

Term
Token Economy
Definition

Used in schools and hospitals, mostly everywhere.

 

 

 

Get a raffle ticket for respecting a teacher.

 

 

 

 

 

Term
Premack Principle
Definition

More prefered used to reinforce less prefered.

 

 

 

 

 

Term
Positive Punishment
Definition

When a negative consequence is applied in response to an undesired behaviour.

 

 

 

 

Not wanting to give a speech but then have to do extra papework.

Term
Negative Punishment 
Definition

When something desired is taken away as a consquence.

 

 

 

Locking laptop in closet, but making a trip because you need it.

Term
Intrinsic Motivation
Definition

Desire to do somrthing because it's enjoyable.

 

 

 

 

 

I take pictures because I love to do it.

Term
Extrinsic Motivation
Definition

Desire to do something because of an award.

 

 

 

 

 

I go to school because I know I'll get a degree if I will.

Term
Biofeedback
Definition

System of recording and feeding back information into body.

 

 

 

 

I try to control my anxiety.

Term
Long Term Potentiation
Definition

When hearing something new, suynapses and connections are strenghtened.

 

 

 

 

I hear a new song and my synapses are strenghtened.

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