Term
What is consciousness?
--experience
sense of --
connections between -- |
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Definition
awareness of one's surroundings and of whats on one's mind
Our subjective experience of the moment as we move through it
Sense of self
connections between our sensory processing areas all coming together into our global workspace of consciousness |
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Term
| Consciousnesses is involved in -- |
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Definition
| mental tasks such as counting, using language, logical reasoning |
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Term
| What are the two dimensions of consciousness? |
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Definition
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Term
what is wakefulness?
Where does it occur? |
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Definition
degree of alertness reflecting whether a person is awake or asleep
Reticular Formation in brain |
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Term
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Definition
| monitory of info from environment and one's own thoughts |
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Term
| When do and don't alertness and wakefulness go hand in hand? |
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Definition
| usually they do, except when you're drunk or in vegetative state. |
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Term
| What is minimal consciousness? |
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Definition
| lack of awareness or wakefulness and inability to communicate but able to show signs of intentional behavior |
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Term
| What is less than minimal consciousness? |
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Definition
| Coma-state: state of consciousness in which the eyes are closed and the person is unresponsive and unarousable |
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Term
| What is an example of a person who was awake but not alert |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a vegatitive state? |
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Definition
| state of minimal consciousness in which eyes may be open, but the person is otherwise unresponsive |
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Term
| What is moderate consciousness? |
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Definition
| mental activity that occurs somewhere between minimal consciousness and full |
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Term
| What are examples of moderate consciousness? |
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Definition
| Sleep dreaming, being drowsy, day dreaming |
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Term
| In moderate consciousness, what did Freud say can occur? |
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Definition
| Freud's preconscious- material that is potentially accessible to the conscious mind but not currently available |
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Term
| What is a phenomenon occuring in moderate consciousness? |
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Definition
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon- knowing we know something to say but being unable to articulate it (like someones name)
Knowledge of what we know is conscious. |
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Term
| What is full consciousness? |
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Definition
| Periods when we are more alert and present that normal |
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Term
| When does full consciousness occur? |
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Definition
| generally waxes and wanes throughout the day |
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Term
| What is a state that occurs in full consciousness? |
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Definition
| Flow- state of involvement in which one loses a sense of time |
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Term
| When is flow likely to occur? |
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Definition
| During challenging work or when having fun |
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Term
| What is mindfulness and which level of consciousness is it under? |
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Definition
Full consciousness
Heightened awareness of present moment; including all thoughts feelings and sensations |
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Term
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Definition
Limited capacity to process info that is under conscious control.
The spotlight of awareness |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of attention? |
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Definition
| selective, sustained, multitasking |
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Term
| What is selective attention? |
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Definition
| ability to focus awareness on specific features in environment while ignoring others |
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Term
| What is a video we watched on selevtive attention? |
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Definition
| gorilla and basketball video |
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Term
| Under selective attention, what are 3 sub-categories? |
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Definition
Cock-tail party effect
Inattentional Blindness
Perceptual Load Model |
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Term
| What is the cocktail party effect? |
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Definition
| ability to filter out auditory stimuli and then refocus attention when you hear your name called. |
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Term
| What is inattentional blindness? |
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Definition
| inability to notice unexpercted objects in our surroundings |
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Term
| What is perceptional load model? |
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Definition
| we dont notice potentail distractiors when a primary task consumes all of our attentional capacity |
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Term
| what is a general example of selective attention? |
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Definition
| Experiement: told to focus on sound in just one ear (focus on onething) even though there are sounds in both ears. Most people can filter out the other ears noise. |
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Term
| what is sustained attention? |
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Definition
| ability to maintain focused awareness on one target or idea |
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Term
| what is a test for sustained attention? |
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Definition
| continuous performance test: measures sustained attn by having participants give a computer input when a letter "y" appears; performance tapers after 5-7 mins and maximum attention span in 15m. |
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Term
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Definition
fast-task switching
your attention is fractured rather than sustained
The art of screwing several things up at once. |
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Term
| what are the limitations of multi-tasking? |
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Definition
lose time when switching tasks
increased stress to make up for lost time
distractions impact learning |
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Term
| What level of consciousness is Meditation? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
training for the conscious mind
collecion of practices that people use to calm the mind, stabilize, concentrate, focus attention, and enhance awareness of present moment |
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Term
| What techniques to develop mindfulness? |
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Definition
| many of them; associated w/ full consciousness |
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Term
what does research show about meditation?
What is the main limitation to this research? |
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Definition
meditation is associtated w/higher levels of physical and mental wellbeing, including optimism
-lower levels of self-consciousness, stress, depression, and anxiety
Meditation training and practice increases sustained attention and sharpens visual perception
Hard to measure this stuff (such as introspection as in depression, thoughts, feelings) Can't tell how the mind is doing |
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Term
| What was Antonio Damasio say consciousness was? |
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Definition
Consciousness is:
1. Mind= flows of mental images
2. A self, sense of your "own" self
You are fully conscious when yourself comes to mind |
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Term
| What did antonio damasio say happened when we are fully conscious? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Antonio Damasio say the self was, and what was generated from that? |
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Definition
Self is a reference point, stable.
We generate brain maps of the bodies interior and use them as the reference for all the other maps
One body= One reference pont |
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Term
| During Antonio Damasio's Ted Talk he showed a red portion of the midbrain, what was that portion? And the portion just beside it? What does this mean> |
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Definition
The red portion was the part that results in consciousness, the part just beside it is the part resulting in paralysis.
>the difference of whats damaged in a stroke. |
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Term
| Antonio said there were 3 levels of self, what were they? |
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Definition
-proto self
-core self
-autobiographical self (other animals have this too) Includes plans (anticipated future) and Best memories |
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Term
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Definition
| A state in which our brain is active but only parially processing info from ouside world |
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Term
| What are two main features of sleep? |
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Definition
1. perceptual wall between the conscious mind and the outside world, outside world isn't completely turned off
2. State can be immediately turned off |
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Term
What are circadian rythyms?
Includes: |
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Definition
variations in physio proccesses that cycle w/in a 24 hr period
Includes sleep-wake pattern (cycle) |
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Term
| In circadian rythms, what does the suprachiasmatic nucleus do? |
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Definition
| regulates physiological activity on daily cycles |
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Term
| In circadian rythms, what does the pineal gland do? |
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Definition
| regulates the release of melatonin to induce relaxation and drowsiness |
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Term
| What is rapid eye movement? |
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Definition
REM- quick eye movements of eye that occur during sleep
May mark phases of sleeping
Non- REM- slower and fewer movements of eye during sleep |
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Term
Is the Brain very active in our sleep?
beta waves
alpha wave
theta waves
delta waves |
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Definition
Yes; waves shows us it is.
beta waves are rapid low energy wave pattern (shorter) means we are awake
alpha wave are slower and higher than beta, means we are awake but drowsy
theta waves are slower than alpha, means we are during stage 1 of sleep
delta waves are higher than theta meanign we are in stage 3 sleep |
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Term
| How much time do we need in REM, non-REM and total hours of sleep? |
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Definition
Changes over the lifespan
-newborns spend a lot of time in REM sleep, and sleep is broken up over 24 hours
-As we age sleep and REM decrease |
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Term
| What are the 3 major restorative functions of sleep ? |
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Definition
Neural growth
memory consolidation
protection against cellular damage |
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Term
| Apprx --% of US population has a sleep disorder |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the sleep disorders? |
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Definition
insomnia
sleep-walking
narcolepsy
hypersomnia
night terrors |
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Term
What is insomnia-
causes-
treatment- |
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Definition
difficulty falling and staying asleep, not rested in morning, permanant daze all the time
Causes: Restless Leg syndrome, irratic work hours, depression
Treatment: Gaba enhancing drugs like Ambian |
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Term
What is sleep-walking?
What is it caused by?
What is is treated with? |
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Definition
| sleep difficulties characterized by activities occuring in nonREM sleep that usually occur when one's awake |
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Term
What is narcolepsy?
What is it caused by?
What is is treated with? |
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Definition
sleep disorder that is excessive day time sleepiness,
Cataplexy- weakness of facial and limb muscles
Caused by genetics
Treat w/antideppressants and stimulants |
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Term
what is hypersomnia?
cause: |
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Definition
sleeping 10+ hours a night for 2+ weeks
urge to nap e
cause: brain injury, depression, associated w/suicide |
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Term
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Definition
| a person walks around, speaks incoherently, and ultimately awakens from sleep in fear |
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Term
What is dreaming?
what cycle of sleep do they occur? |
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Definition
images thoughts and feelings experienced while asleep
usually based on loose associateions of real life
Dreams occur in REM and non-REM |
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Term
| What is Freud's psych theory? |
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Definition
| distortion of impulses,, thoughts, feelings, and drives from our waking world that are being released through the sleeping world |
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Term
| What are the two levels in Freud's psych theory? |
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Definition
Manifest level- surface level of dreaming (just what happened during dream)
Latent Level- deeper unconscious level of dreams (Patterns in dreams=meaning) |
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Term
| What is the cognitive theory? |
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Definition
| Dreams are no different than every day thinking |
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Term
| What is the combined theories? |
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Definition
| integration of cognitive and biological perspectives |
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