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Congress Vocab
First vocab set
61
Social Studies
11th Grade
01/21/2015

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Term
Bicameral Legislature
Definition
a governmental body with two houses or chambers, such as the US Congress or British Parliament
Term
Session
Definition
the sitting together of a court, council, legislature, or the like, for conference or the transaction of business
Term
Census
Definition
an official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals
Term
Reapportionment
Definition
To reassign or divide and allocate the House of Representatives
Term
Redistrict
Definition
divide or organize an area into new political or school districts
Term
Gerrymander
Definition
manipulate the boundaries of an electoral constituency so as to favor one party or class
Term
At-large
Definition
(especially of a criminal or dangerous animal) at liberty; escaped or not yet captured.
Term
Censure
Definition
A formal, public reprimand for an infraction or violation
Term
Incumbent
Definition
Someone who is currently holding office
Term
Constituent
Definition
being a voting member of a community or organization and having the power to appoint or elect
Term
Caucus
Definition
a meeting of the members of a legislative body who are members of a particular political party, to select candidates or decide policy
Term
Majority leader
Definition
the head of the majority party in a legislative body, especially the US Senate or House of Representatives.
Term
Whip
Definition
an official in a political party whose primary purpose is to ensure party discipline in a legislature
Term
Bill
Definition
a draft of a proposed law presented to government for discussion
Term
Calender
Definition
an organized list of legislation which has been reported out of committees and is ready for floor action
Term
Quorum
Definition
the minimum number of persons who must be present to conduct business either on the floor of the chamber or in a committee
Term
President pro tempore
Definition
a high-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president
Term
Filibuster
Definition
an action such as a prolonged speech that obstructs progress in a legislative assembly while not technically contravening the required procedures
Term
Cloture
Definition
a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote
Term
Standing committee
Definition
a committee comprised of members appointed by the Speaker and the President at the beginning of the Legislature which has continuing responsibility in a general field of legislative activity, such as finance.
Term
Subcommittee
Definition
a portion of a committee appointed by a committee chair to research and study a particular bill or problem and to report its findings to the entire committee.
Term
Select committee
Definition
a group appointed by the Speaker and the President to handle specific matters. This committee is usually dissolved when its purpose is accomplished.
Term
Joint committee
Definition
a committee composed of members of both houses
Term
Conference committee
Definition
a committee made up of Delegates appointed by the Speaker and Senators appointed by the President to resolve the differences in legislative measures
Term
Seniority system
Definition
Seniority is sometimes defined in terms of the period of time that an employee works for a company. More seniority = more benefits
Term
Personal staff
Definition
the military aides of a general officer or flag officer
Term
Committee staff
Definition
the officers appointed to assist a commander, service, or central headquarters organization in establishing policy, plans, etc.
Term
Administrative assistant
Definition
a broad job category that designates an individual who provides various kinds of administrative support to people and groups in business enterprises
Term
Legislative assistant
Definition
a legislative staffer who works for a legislator by monitoring pending legislation, conducting research, drafting legislation, giving advice and counsel, and making recommendations
Term
Caseworker
Definition
a caseworker is a type of social worker who is employed by a government agency, non-profit organization, or other group to take on the cases of individuals and provide them with advocacy, information or other services
Term
Expressed powers
Definition
Those powers of Congress specifically listed in the Constitution
Term
Necessary and proper clause
Definition
The Congress shall have Power To ...make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof
Term
Implied powers
Definition
the powers exercised by Congress which are not explicitly given by the Constitution itself but necessary and proper to execute the powers which are
Term
Revenue bill
Definition
all bills for raising revenue, generally tax bills
Term
Appropriations bill
Definition
A bill that authorizes the government to spend money
Term
Interstate commerce
Definition
any work involving or related to the movement of persons or things across state lines or from foreign countries
Term
Impeachment
Definition
a formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity and is removed from office
Term
Subpeona
Definition
a writ ordering a person to attend a court
Term
Perjury
Definition
the offense of willfully telling an untruth in a court after having taken an oath or affirmation (lying under oath)
Term
Contempt
Definition
the offense of being disobedient to or disrespectful of a court of law and its officers
Term
Immunity
Definition
Witnesses compelled by subpoena to appear before a grand jury are entitled to receive immunity in exchange for their testimony. The grant of immunity impairs the witness's right to invoke the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination as a legal basis for refusing to testify.
Term
Legislative veto
Definition
Legislative branch can rule over a decision
Term
National budget
Definition
Official budget of a nation that it typically drafted by a Treasury Department and voted on by legislature
Term
Impoundment
Definition
seize and take legal custody of (something, especially a vehicle, goods, or documents) because of an infringement of a law or regulation.
Term
Private bill
Definition
a proposal for a law that would apply to a particular individual or group of individuals, or corporate entity
Term
Public bill
Definition
A bill that would apply to the public
Term
Simple resolution
Definition
a legislative measure passed by only either the Senate or the House
Term
Rider
Definition
an additional provision added to a bill or other measure under the consideration by a legislature, having little connection with the subject matter of the bill. used to pass controversial bills
Term
Hearing
Definition
a hearing is a proceeding before a court or other decision-making body or officer, such as a government agency. A hearing is generally distinguished from a trial in that it is usually shorter and often less formal.
Term
Veto
Definition
a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body
Term
Pocket veto
Definition
an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session
Term
Tax
Definition
a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions
Term
Closed rule
Definition
(sometimes called a “gag rule”) sets strict time limits on debates and forbids amendments from the floor, except those from the presenting committee. Under closed rule, members not on the committee have little choice but to vote for or against the bill as it is.
Term
Appropriation
Definition
a sum of money that has been set aside from a budget, especially a government budget, for a specific purpose (the max amount of money available in a fiscal year)
Term
Authorization Bill
Definition
a type of legislation used in the United States to authorize the activities of the various agencies and programs that are part of the federal government of the United States
Term
Entitlement
Definition
those benefits guaranteed by law paid to individuals by the fed gov, such as social security
Term
Lobbying
Definition
seek to influence (a politician or public official) on an issue
Term
Lobbyist
Definition
someone hired by a business or a cause to persuade legislators to support that business or cause
Term
Casework
Definition
Activities of members of Congress that help constituents as individuals; cutting through bureaucratic red tape to get people what they think they have the right to get.
Term
Pork-barrel spending
Definition
The mighty list of federal projects grants, and contracts available to cities, businesses, colleges, and institutions available in a congressional district.
Term
Logrolling
Definition
legislator supports a proposal favored by another in return for support in his or hers
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