Term
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Definition
Conflict resolution on a local level and everyday district running |
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Term
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Definition
Community Conflict resolution body |
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Term
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Definition
Local conflict resolution in comparison to Nation Government e.g. Welsh Assembly, Scottish Parliament and Irish Parliament |
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Term
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Definition
Executive responsibility for legislation and supreme conflict resolution power within the UK e.g. Westminster Parliament |
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Term
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Definition
Works to prevent conflict before it occurs |
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Term
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Definition
Reacts to conflicts that occur |
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Term
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Definition
The European Union formed after WW2 with the intention of international conflict resolution |
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Term
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Definition
The United Nations, many organisations working together to solve conflict and providing policing actions in conflict zones |
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Term
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Definition
Busiest airport in the world, situated in London UK |
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Term
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Definition
All British passengers at airports travel with Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
Capacity at which Heathrow operates |
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Term
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Definition
British Airways Association |
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Term
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Definition
Protected area of undeveloped land around urban areas to prevent urban sprawl |
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Term
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Definition
Area of Terminal 5 Expansion |
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Term
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Definition
Planning application for the Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 expansion began |
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Term
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Definition
Government figure assessing the planning application for Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Days duration of the enquiry for the expansion of Terminal 5, the longest in British history |
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Term
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Definition
Conditions attached to the Planning Permission given in 2001 |
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Term
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Definition
Planning permission given to Terminal 5 |
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Term
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Definition
Inspectors report on Terminal 5 expansion finished |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Village that could suffer flooding from a stream rerouted for the Terminal 5 expansion |
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Term
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Definition
Report from who that background noise could damage ears, cause sleep deprivation, rises in bloody pressure, headaches and stress |
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Term
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Definition
World Health Organisation |
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Term
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Definition
Harmful noise levels from planes |
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Term
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Definition
Cars travelling to Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
Cars predicted to travel to Heathrow by 2016 |
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Term
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Definition
Annual estimated cost of congestion to region surrounding Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
Council most opposed to Heathrow expansion |
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Term
Longford and Hammondsworth |
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Definition
Villages impacted by the congestion caused by Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
International Agreement signed by the UK government, pledging to cut CO2 emissions |
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Term
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Definition
Amount predicted aviation industry contributes to global warming |
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Term
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Definition
Environmental group opposed to terminal 5 expansion |
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Term
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Definition
Most common destination from Heathrow, accessible by rail |
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Term
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Definition
Rail less harmful than flying |
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Term
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Definition
Village that would be completely demolished if a third runway was built at Heathrow |
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Term
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Definition
British Airways Chief Executive |
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Term
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Definition
The only airline to operate out of Terminal 5 |
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Term
Frankfurt + Charles de Gaulle |
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Definition
Main competition to Heathrow as 'gateway to Europe' |
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Term
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Definition
Cost of the public enquiry |
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Term
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Definition
Flights per year out of Terminal 5, restricted by the planning permission conditions |
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Term
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Definition
CO2 produced a year by Heathrow berfore Terminal 5 |
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Term
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Definition
Predicted increase in CO2 emissions after Terminal 5 |
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Term
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Definition
Homes demolished to build Terminal 5 |
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Term
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Definition
Cost of Terminal 5 expansion |
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Term
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Definition
Lorries per day through Stanwell Moor |
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Term
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Definition
'NO' protest against Terminal 5 expansions |
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Term
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Definition
African LEDC, bordering Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania and Burundi |
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Term
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Definition
The deliberate extermination of a national, racial, political, religious or cultural group |
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Term
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Definition
Ethnic group within Rwanda, traditionally inferior to Tutsis and the majority of the population |
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Term
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Definition
Ethnic group within Rwanda, traditionally superior to Hutus and the minority |
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Term
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Definition
Rwandan population of the Hutu ethnicity |
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Term
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Definition
Belgian colonists issued identity cards in Rwanda, giving Tutsis greater rights and oppurtunities |
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Term
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Definition
Hutu riots occured in Rwanda against inequality and oppression |
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Term
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Definition
Tutsi deaths in 1959 Hutu riots |
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Term
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Definition
Gained from Belgium in 1962 and a Hutu Government was formed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Rwandan Patriotic Front, made of Tutsi refugees in Uganda |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Peace treaty between President Habyarimana and the RPF in Rwanda |
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Term
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Definition
President Habyarimana's plane is shot down and he is killed in Rwanda |
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Term
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Definition
Unofficial milita group of Hutus who conducted the genocide in Rwanda |
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Term
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Definition
Peak number of Interhamwe during Rwandan genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Duration of Rwandan Genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Rwandan capital and origin of the genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Tutsis and moderate Hutus killed in Rwandan Genocide |
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Term
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Definition
UN soldiers killed in Rwandan Genocide |
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Term
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Definition
RPF capture Kigali in Rwanda and declare a ceasefire |
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Term
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Definition
Machetes imported by Habyarimana for use in the Rwandan genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Hutus flee to Democratic Republic of Congo after ceasefire is declared in July 1994 |
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Term
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Definition
Hutu President established after genocide, arrested on charges of inciting ethnic violence and replaced by his deputy Kagame |
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Term
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Definition
Deaths following the Rwandan genocide due to conflict of militias in Democratic Republic of Congo |
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Term
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Definition
International Court established by the UN to try the ring leaders of the Rwandan genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Cost of Rwandan genocide court cases |
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Term
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Definition
Initally arrested over the Rwandan genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Charged with lesser crimes in the Rwandan genocide and released in 2003 |
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Term
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Definition
Freed after pleading guilty to crimes in the Rwandan genocide and acting their sentence awaiting trial |
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Term
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Definition
Convicted of war crimes in Rwanda's genocide in 2009 |
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Term
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Definition
Still awaiting sentence for war crimes in Rwanda's genocide in 2009 |
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Term
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Definition
Reward from the USA for information leading to the arrest of ring leaders in the Rwandan genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Traditional Rwandan courts used in the trial process for the sentencing of Rwandan's war criminals |
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Term
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Definition
Plan to legalise the creation of some of the Israeli occupation of Palestine in 1947 |
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Term
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Definition
The UN Parition Plan of Palestine |
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Term
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Definition
Declared in 1948 without international agreement |
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Term
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Definition
Israeli independence declared |
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Term
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Definition
Movement for the creation of a Jewish state from the late 1800s, encouraging Jewish immigration to Palestine |
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Term
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Definition
Jewish rebellion caused Romans to seize their land |
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Term
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Definition
Total population of Palestine 1880 |
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Term
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Definition
Population of Arabs in Palestine in 1880, many nomadic herdsmen |
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Term
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Definition
Population of Jews in Palestine in 1880 |
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Term
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Definition
Population of Jews in Palestine in 1947 |
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Term
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Definition
Population of Arabs in Palestine in 1947 |
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Term
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Definition
Occured in 1949 against Arab states such as Palestine, Jordan and Syria. Arabs fled to West Bank and Gaza Strip. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Strategically important area occupied by Syria until seized by Israel in 1967 |
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Term
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Definition
Land won by Israel in 1967 |
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Term
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Definition
Land won by Israel in 1967, returned to Palestinian rule in 2005 |
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Term
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Definition
Of 1967, when Israel seized Golan Heights, the West Bank and Gaza |
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Term
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Definition
Six Day War in Israel and Israel seized East Jerusalem |
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Term
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Definition
Arab population of the Gaza Strip |
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Term
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Definition
Arab population of the West Bank |
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Term
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Definition
Political groups in Palestine formed |
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Term
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Definition
Palestinian Liberation Organisation |
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Term
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Definition
Militant anti-Israeli Muslim group, unrecognised by many powers |
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Term
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Definition
Non-religious pro-Israeli group |
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Term
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Definition
Members of the PLO captured and murdered 11 Israeli atheletes at the Munich Olympics |
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Term
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Definition
UN proposed control of Jerusalem |
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Term
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Definition
Israel seized West Jerusalem |
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Term
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Definition
Length of the West Bank Barrier |
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Term
|
Definition
Constructed by Israel along border with the West Bank in order to restrict Palestinian movement, especially of sucicide bombers |
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Term
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Definition
Construction of the West Bank Barrier begun |
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Term
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Definition
Israeli settlements in the West Bank |
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Term
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Definition
Limited self-government granted to Palestinians |
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Term
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Definition
Suspected Israeli-Iranian effort to develop weapons 1977-79 |
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Term
Iran's Islamic Revolution |
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Definition
Occured 1979, causing them to sever all ties to Israel |
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Term
|
Definition
Conflict between Hamas and Fatah |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Private businesses in Gaza closed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Refugees escaped from Gaza into Egypt until the border was closed a month later |
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Term
|
Definition
Palestinians killed by Israeli atatcks in 2008-09 |
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Term
|
Definition
key water supply for Israel, subject to salting |
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Term
|
Definition
Annual Israeli water supply |
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Term
|
Definition
Raw sewage released by Israel into the sea every day |
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Term
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Definition
Annual water usage in Gaza |
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Term
|
Definition
Annual recharge of Gaza's water supplies |
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Term
|
Definition
Israeli leader elected September 2008 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Population of Gaza under 15 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
War between Arab herdsmen and African farmers in South Sudan ended |
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Term
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Definition
Arid impoverished area of West Sudan |
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Term
|
Definition
Rebel groups begin civil war in Dafur by attacking government targets |
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Term
Sudan Liberation Army and Justice and Equality Movement |
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Definition
Anti-government Sudanese rebel groups claiming that the area of Dafur is neglected by the Arab government. |
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Term
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Definition
Unofficial pro-Sudanese government militia which attacks towns damaged by government air-strikes |
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Term
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Definition
People displaced by conflict in Dafur |
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Term
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Definition
Death toll in Dafur by May 2005 |
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Term
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Definition
Nation next to Dafur where victims of conflict have sought refuge |
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Term
|
Definition
Refugees fled from Dafur to Chad |
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Term
|
Definition
Length of border between Chad and Dafur where many have settled and are still vulnerable |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of children in Dafur threatened by Malnutrition |
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Term
|
Definition
The African Union, working to ban military flights and achieve access for aid workers |
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Term
|
Definition
Date of peace deal agreed by Dafur rebel groups and Sudanese government allows AU troops into Dafur. |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of AU troops deployed in 2006 |
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Term
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Definition
Date agreement to send UN troops to Dafur is made with agreement from the Sudanese government |
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Term
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Definition
UN and AU troops and police promised to Dafur |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of rebel factions in Dafur |
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Term
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Definition
Rebel factions in Dafur that sign 2006 agreement for peace |
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Term
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Definition
UN and AU troops deployed out of 26,000 promised, in August 2008 due to difficulties transporting troops into the country. A lack of free helicopters and poor infrastructure to blame. |
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Term
|
Definition
Estimated death toll in Dafur in 2008 |
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Term
|
Definition
People displaced every month according to Oxfam |
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Term
|
Definition
Severe drought in Dafur intensified conflict tensions. |
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Term
|
Definition
Invading forces brought Romans, Judes, Angles, Saxons and Vikings to Britain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Hugenots flee France to Britain due to religious persecution |
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Term
|
Definition
Ugandan Asian refugees after expelled from Uganda in 1972 |
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Term
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Definition
Immigrants from Africa to Britain 1998-2002 |
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Term
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Definition
Immigrants freom Indian sub-continent 1998-2002 |
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Term
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Definition
Immigrants from Asia to Britain 1998-2002 |
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Term
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Definition
Polish immigrants registered to work in the UK |
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Term
|
Definition
Polish workers in the UK according to the Polish embassy |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of UK population not born in the UK |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of UK population White |
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Term
|
Definition
18 Soviet block countries including Poland joined the EU |
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Term
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Definition
3 EU countries allowing free access to live and work after 8 Soviet block countries joined the EU |
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Term
|
Definition
Ratio of Polish migrants to population in Peterborough |
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Term
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Definition
New Polish imgrants by January 2006 |
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Term
|
Definition
Max number of immigrants predicted from Eastern European countries after joining the EU, conducted in June 2003. |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of immigrants to UK that are Polish. |
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Term
Northampton, Fenland and Peterborough |
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Definition
Areas where Polish immigrants settled |
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Term
|
Definition
Grant given to Peterborough Council to adjust services to cater for Polish immigrants |
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Term
|
Definition
Area in Peterborough where Polish immigrants settled |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of Polish immigrants in Peterborough |
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Term
|
Definition
Baltic Port appealing for Polish workers to return home due to a shortage of workers |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of Polish immigrants male aged 18-34 |
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Term
|
Definition
Average weekly wage for immigrants |
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Term
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Definition
Event creating jobs in Poland |
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Term
|
Definition
Total population of Singapore |
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Term
|
Definition
Population of Singapore Chinese ethnicity |
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Term
|
Definition
Population of Singapore Malay ethnicity |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of Singapore population of Indian ethnicity |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of Singapore population of European origin |
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Term
|
Definition
Streets in Singapore's China Town |
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Term
|
Definition
Streets in Arab Street in Singapore |
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Term
|
Definition
Streets in Little India in Singapore |
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Term
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Definition
Percentage of population live in high-rise apartments in Singapore |
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Term
|
Definition
Large town in Greater Manchester, subject to large levels of ethnic tension and riots. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Population percentage of Oldham White British |
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Term
|
Definition
Minority population in Oldham increases by 13.9% |
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Term
|
Definition
Population percentage in Oldham of Pakistanis |
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Term
|
Definition
Population percentage of Oldham that are Bangladeshi |
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Term
|
Definition
Pakistani popualtion in Oldham with no qualifications |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of Bangladeshi population with no qualifications in Oldham |
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Term
|
Definition
Reported race crimes in Oldham 2000-2001 |
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Term
|
Definition
Race crimes in Oldham with white victims |
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Term
|
Definition
76 year old white man mugged and badly beaten by 3 Asian youths on 21st May 2001 |
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Term
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Definition
South central area of Oldham with intense ethnic segregation, a predominantly Pakistani area where most of the riots occured. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Injured in the Oldham riots, including 15 police |
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Term
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Definition
Number arrested in Oldham riots |
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Term
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Definition
Asian youths rioting in Oldham |
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Term
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Definition
Seperate Kingdom from England until 1707 |
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Term
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Definition
Scotland becomes the same kingdom as England |
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Term
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Definition
Scottish parliament and Welsh Assembly granted |
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Term
|
Definition
Scottish National Party became the largest Scottish party in 2007 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Muslims in UK seeking the introduction of Sharia law |
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Term
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Definition
Unuits in Canada granted self-goverance over region |
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Term
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Definition
Referendum defeated for Quebec to be seperate from Canada in 1980 and 1995 |
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Term
|
Definition
Area of Spain seeking autonomy, where native language is taught in all schools since 1983 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Area of France and Spain with a degree of autonomy |
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Term
|
Definition
Violent Basque seperatist group |
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Term
|
Definition
Wall seperating Morroccans and Algerians in Western Sahara over 1000 miles |
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Term
|
Definition
Western Saharan conflict after Morroco claimed Spanish teritory |
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Term
|
Definition
In Ethopia, fighting against depotism and corruption |
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Term
|
Definition
Seperated in 1993 due to differing commitments to free markets. |
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Term
|
Definition
Area of Indonesia controlled by Portugese seeking independence. |
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Term
|
Definition
3 week civil war in Timor, Indonesia |
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Term
|
Definition
Killed in East Timor Civil War, Indonesia |
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Term
|
Definition
Killed in East Timor since 1975 due to starvation, war and disease |
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Term
|
Definition
UN introduced a new government to East Timor in 2002 |
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Term
|
Definition
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declared but not recognised |
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Term
|
Definition
Broken up to form Russia, Moldovia, Lativia, Ukraine, Georgia and others |
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Term
|
Definition
Ethnic muslim group seeking independence from Russia through violence |
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Term
|
Definition
Mountainous area spanning Turkey, Syria, Iran and Iraq |
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Term
|
Definition
Estimated number of Kurds, according to the Kurdish Human Rights Project |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Established Kurdistan in 1921 |
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Term
|
Definition
Kurdistan seperated due to resources in 1923 |
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Term
|
Definition
Ottoman Empire, leading to deportation and murder of Kurds |
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Term
|
Definition
Saddam Hussein launched gas attacks on Kurds |
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Term
|
Definition
Kurds killed in gas attacks by Saddam Hussein |
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Term
|
Definition
Kurdish terrorist group operating in Turkey |
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Term
|
Definition
Union between Britain and Wales, formalised in 1536 |
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Term
|
Definition
England and Scotland formed Great Britain |
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Term
|
Definition
Ireland unified to Great Britain |
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Term
|
Definition
Ireland seperated in 1914, with some forming the Republic and 6 counties staying unified with Britain |
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Term
|
Definition
United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland formed |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of UK population in England |
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Term
|
Definition
Population of UK in Scotland |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of UK population in Wales |
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Term
|
Definition
Population of UK in Northern Ireland |
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Term
|
Definition
Being unable to secure the basic requirements for life |
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Term
|
Definition
Being unable to keep up with society or engage in social norms |
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Term
|
Definition
Minimum income required to meet basic needs according to a nations development, social norms and values, definied by WBO |
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Term
|
Definition
World Banking Organisation |
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Term
|
Definition
Percentage of poorest people in the world with only 5% of global income |
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Term
|
Definition
Richest people with 75% of global income |
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Term
|
Definition
Children die everyday due to poverty according to UNICEF |
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Term
|
Definition
People that cannot read or write |
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|
Term
Physical Quality of Life Index |
|
Definition
Includes Infant mortality, life expectancy and basic literacy, rated 0-100 |
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Term
|
Definition
International average of Physical Quality of Life Index |
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Term
|
Definition
Includes life expectancy, educational attainment and real GDP |
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Term
|
Definition
acknowledges the cost of living and purchase power parity |
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Term
|
Definition
Reduction in child death rates int he world since 1960 |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of children without primary education in 2006, rather than 50% in 1960 |
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Term
|
Definition
Decline in malnutrition since 1960 |
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Term
|
Definition
Poverty has fallen more in this time period than in the last 500 years |
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Term
|
Definition
People in poverty in the less developed world |
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Term
|
Definition
Children do not complete primary school |
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Term
|
Definition
People face food insecurity |
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Term
|
Definition
People lack access to safe drinking water |
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Term
|
Definition
Women die in childbirth annually in the less developed world |
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Term
|
Definition
Children lost one or both parents to HIV/AIDs in 2005 |
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Term
|
Definition
Current third world debt. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Debt to one other country's government |
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Term
|
Definition
Commodity prices such as oil fell and exports crashed, USA and others offered loans to poorer countries |
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Term
|
Definition
World recession increased interest on multinational debt |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
International Monetary Fund |
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Term
|
Definition
IMF and WB offered short terms loans to pay back interest on past loans to larger countries. WBO insisted on investment in industry and high taxes rather than expenditure in education, housing etc. |
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Term
|
Definition
Highly Indebted Poor Countries |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
WB and IMF launched the HIPC Initative to provide debt relief to HIPCs |
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Term
|
Definition
Total debt relief for HIPCs gathered |
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Term
|
Definition
Campaign for MEDCs to cancel debts |
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Term
|
Definition
Organisations supporting the Jubilee 2000 Campaign |
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Term
|
Definition
In 1998 and 1999 saw protests to cancel World Debt |
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Term
|
Definition
Structural Adjustment Programmes, economic reforms which must be implemented in order to recieve debt relief from IMF, although they severely limit development |
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Term
|
Definition
Annual debt repayment by Sub-Saharan Africa, 4 times expenditure on regional health and education |
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Term
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Definition
World debt of Sub-Saharan Africa |
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Term
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Definition
African countries which experienced a decline in real wages after SAPs were introduced in 1980 |
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Term
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Definition
Sudan's repayments to IMF a month |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
SAPs introduced in Sudan, causing a devaluation of curreny, abolition of supply projects, loss of food production for domestic use and more for export, less welfare expenditure and increased unemployment |
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Term
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Definition
Maternal mortality increased in Sudan as SAPs devalued currency, making medicine unaffordable |
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Term
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Definition
Malnourished Sudanese children in 1996 |
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Term
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Definition
Illiterate Sudanese adult population in 1996 |
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Term
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Definition
Sudanese healthcare expenditure of GDP limited by IMF, 9% is WHO's recommended minimum |
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Term
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Definition
Rise in Sudanese unemployment 1991-1996 |
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Term
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Definition
Mozambique joined IMF and WB, with SAPs imposed 3 years later |
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Term
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Definition
Debt relief required by Mozambique, prevented by debt to Russia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Total debt cancelation for 23 countries |
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Term
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Definition
Births with a healthcare official in Bolivia, after debt cancelled |
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Term
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Definition
People with access to drinking water in Rwanda after debts cancelled, as well as free primary education |
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Term
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Definition
Average increased on healthcare spending for countries with cancelled world debt |
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Term
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Definition
Average increased on education spending for countries with cancelled world debt |
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Term
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Definition
Women die per day from pregnancy complications or childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
Newborns die per day from infections |
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Term
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Definition
An NGO producing delivery kits that are affordable, simple and sustainable |
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Term
US Agency for International Development |
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Definition
Funded survey to assess success of PATH birthing kit |
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Term
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Definition
Increase in PATH birthing kits sold per year after local health workers ran advertising campaigns |
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Term
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Definition
Improving quality of life, as well as economic developments, improving equality and wealth distribution |
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Term
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Definition
Well governed, safe, but also food security and security of resources and amenities such as education |
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Term
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Definition
Population of Afghanistan in 2007 |
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Term
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Definition
Annual population growth in Afghanistan |
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Term
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Definition
Afghanistani population under 15 |
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Term
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Definition
Infant mortality rate in Afghanistan |
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Term
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Definition
Afghanistani population live in rural areas |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Killed in wars in Afghanistan since 1988 |
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Term
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Definition
Refugees fled from Afghanistan to Iran or Pakistan |
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Term
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Definition
Rebel group that ruled Pakistan 1996-2001 |
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Term
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Definition
Female population with no schooling in Afghanistan in 2000 |
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Term
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Definition
Donations to aid Afghanistan |
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Term
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Definition
World's opium produced in Afghanistan |
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Term
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Definition
Afghanistan's economy dependent on opium trade |
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Term
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Definition
Afghanistani president elected 2004 |
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Term
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Definition
Afghanistani teachers funded by the UK |
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Term
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Definition
Slump in Rwandan economy during genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Recent growth in Rwanda due to security |
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Term
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Definition
Rwandan population under 18 in 2008 |
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Term
Rwandan Revenue Authority |
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Definition
Set up to promote paying taxes |
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Term
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Definition
Rwanda's Human Development Index rating |
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Term
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Definition
Children in Rwanda with no education |
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Term
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Definition
Children die before 5 in Rwanda |
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Term
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Definition
Orphaned children in Rwanda |
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Term
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Definition
Rwanda's development plan |
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Term
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Definition
Homes destroyed in genocide |
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Term
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Definition
Target reduction in those earning under $1 1990-2015 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Decline in global poverty rate 1990-2005 |
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Term
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Definition
New Rice for Africa reducing need to import rice for the area |
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Term
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Definition
Children in education in Kenya 2004 |
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Term
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Definition
Children lost parents to HIV/AIDs |
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Term
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Definition
People with HIV recieved antiretroviral treatment in Botswana in 2007 |
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Term
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Definition
Decline in HIV prevalence in 15 severely affected countries |
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Term
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Definition
Global trade belonging to developing nations |
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