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| First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| The law of the conservation of energy. In an isolated system, the total amount of energy, including heat energy, is conserved. |
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| The study of the objects in the heaven. |
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| the type of research performed by scientist with specific and practical goals in mind. this research is often translated into practical systems by large scale research and development projects. |
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| the amount of change in velocity divided by the time it takes to the chance to occur. acceleration can involve changes of speed, changes in direction, or both. |
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| the type of research performed by scientist who are interested simply in finding out how the world works, in knowledge for its own sake |
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| the branch of science devoted to the study of living systems |
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| any statement that says that a quantity in nature does not change |
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| the manipulation of some aspect of nature to observe the outcome |
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energy
(measured in joules) |
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Definition
| The ability to do work; the capacity to exert a force over a distance. A system's energy can be measured in joules or foot-pounds. |
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| a push or pull that, acting alone, causes a change in acceleration of the object on which it acts |
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| an attractive force that acts on every object in the universe |
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| a tentative guess about how the world works, based on a summary of experimental or observational results and phrased so that it can be tested by experimentation |
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| the type of energy associated with moving objects; the energy of motion. kinetic energy is equal to the mass of the moving object times the square of that object's velocity, multiplied by 1/2 |
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| Three basic principles, expressed as laws, that govern the motion of everything in the universe, from stars and planets to cannonballs and muscles. the First Law states that a moving object will continue moving in a straight line at a constant speed, and a stationary object will remain at rest, unless acted on by an unbalanced force. the Second Law stats that the acceleration produced on a body by a force is proportional to the mass of the object. the Third Law sates that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
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Term
| Newton's law of Universal Gravitation |
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Definition
| Between any two objects in the universe there is an attractive force (gravity) that is proportional to the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. In other words, the more massive two objects are, the greater the force between them will be, and the farther apart they are, the less the force will be. |
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| the amount of matter contained in an object, independent of where that object is found |
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| the branch of science that deals with the motions of material objects and the forces that act on them; for example, a rolling rock or thrown ball |
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| the act of observing nature without manipulating it |
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| a system by which the editor of a scientific journal submits manuscripts considered for publication to a panel of knowledgeable scientist who, in confidence, evaluate the manuscript for mistakes, misstatements, or shoddy procedures. Following the review, if the manuscript is to be published, it is returned to the author with a list of modifications and corrections to be completed |
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| a kind of inquiry falling in the realm of belief or dogma, which includes subjects that cannot be proved or disproved with a reproducible test. The subjects include creationism, extrasensory perception, unidentified flying objects, astrology, crystal power, and reincarnation |
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power
(measured in watts or kilowatts) |
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