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| A computer used for running larger programs for multiple users, often simultaneously, and typically accessed only via a network. |
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| A class of computers with the highest performance and cost; they are configured as servers and typically cost ten to hundreds of millions of dollars. |
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| 2(subscript 40) bytes, or 10 (subscript 12) bytes, also known as tebibyte (TiB) |
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| A computer inside another device used for running one predetermined application or collection of software. |
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| Name the 8 Decimal Terms for bytes |
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Definition
kilobyte
megabyte
gigabyte
terabyte
petabyte
exabyte
zettabyte
yottabyte |
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| Name the 8 Decimal Term Abbreviations |
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Definition
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| Name the 8 Decimal Term Values |
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Definition
kilobyte- 10 (subscript 3)
megabyte- 10 (subscript 6)
gigabyte- 10 (subscript 9)
terabyte- 10 (subscript 12)
petabyte- 10 (subscript 15)
exabyte- 10 (subscript 18)
zettabyte- 10 (subscript 21)
yottabyte- 10 (subscript 24) |
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kibibyte
mebibyte
gibbyte
tebibyte
pebibyte
exbibyte
zebibyte
yobibyte |
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| Name the 8 Binary Term Abbreviations |
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Definition
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| Name the 8 Binary Term Values |
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Definition
kibibyte- 2 (subscript 10)
mebibyte- 2 (subscript 20)
gibbyte- 2 (subscript 30)
tebibyte- 2 (subscript 40)
pebibyte- 2 (subsript 50)
exbibyte- 2 (subscript 60)
zebibyte- 2 (subscript 70)
yobibyte- 2 (subscript 80) |
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| Refers to large collections of servers that provide services over the internet; some providers rent dynamically varying numbers of servers as a utility. |
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Software as a Service
-Delivers software and data over the internet, usually via a thin program such as a browser that runs on a local client devices, instead of binary code that must be installed, and runs wholly on that device.
Examples: web search; social networking |
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| A microprocessor containing multiple processors ("cores") in a single integrated circuit. |
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| Determines both the number of source-level statements and the number of I/O operations executed. |
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| Programming language, compiler, and architecture |
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| Determines the number of computer instructions for each source-level statement. |
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| Processor and memory system |
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| Determines how fast instructions can be executed. |
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| I/O system (hardware and operating system) |
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| Determines how fast I/O operations may be executed. |
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| Hardware and Operating System |
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| Software and Hardware effect |
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Integrated Circuit resources double every 18-24 months
By Gordon Moore in 1965, one of the founders of Intel |
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| Performing computer operations in parallel |
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| A particular form of Parallelism |
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| A sequence of events with each section representing one stage of the pipeline. |
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| Software that provides services that are commonly useful, including operating systems, compilers, loaders, assemblers. |
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| Supervising program that manages the resources of a computer for the benefit of the programs that run on that computer. |
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| Important functions of an OS- Operating System |
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Definition
1. Handling basic input and output operations.
2. Allocating storage and memory
3. Providing for protected sharing of the computer among multiple applications using it simultaneously. |
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| Examples of Operating Systems |
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| A program that translates high-level language statements into assembly language statements. |
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| Also called a bit. One of the two numbers in base 2 (0 or 1) that are components of information. |
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| A command that computer hardware understands and obeys. |
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| A program that translates a symbolic version of instructions into the binary version. |
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| A symbolic representation of machine instructions. |
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| A binary representation of machine instructions. |
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| High Level Programming Language |
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A portable language such as C, C++, Java or Visual Basic
that are composed of words and algebraic notation that can be translated by a compiler into assembly language. |
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| A mechanism through which a computer is fed information such as a keyboard. |
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| A mechanism that coveys the result of a computation to a user, such as a display, or to another computer. |
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| A display technology using a thin layer of liquid polymers that can be used to transmit or block light according to whether a charge is applied. |
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| A liquid crystal display using a transistor to control the transmission of light at each individual pixel. |
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| The smallest individual picture element. Screens are composed of hundreds of thousands to millions of pixels organized in a matrix. |
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| Also called a chip. A device combining dozens to millions of transistors. |
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| Central Processor Unit. Also called processor. The active part of the computer, which contains the datapath and control and which adds numbers, tests numbers, signals I/O devices to activate, and so on. |
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| The component of the processor that performs arithmetic operations. |
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| The component of the processor that commands the datapath, memory, and I/O devices according to the instructions of the program. |
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| The storage area in which programs are kept when they are running and that contains the data needed by the running programs. |
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| Dynamic Random Access Memory |
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| Memory built as an integrated circuit; it provides random access to any location. Access times are 50 nanoseconds and cost per gigabyte in 2012 was $5 to $10. |
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| Way to implement a Touch Screen |
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Definition
Capacitive Sensing
Since people are electrical conductors, if an insulator like glass is covered with a transparent conductor, touching distorts the electrostatic field of the screen, which results in capacitance. This technology can allow for multiple touches simultaneously, which allow gestures that can lead to attractive user interfaces. |
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| A small fast memory that acts as a buffer for a slower, larger memory. |
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| Static Random Access Memory |
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| Static Random Access Memory |
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Definition
| Also memory that is built as an integrated circuit, but faster and less dense than DRAM. |
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